home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
MacBinary | 1993-08-04 | 55.1 KB | [ TEXT/EDIT]
open in: MacOS 8.1
extracted
|
Win98
extracted
|
DOS
extracted
browse contents |
view JSON data
|
view as text
This file was processed as: MacBinary
(archive/macBinary ).
Confidence Program Detection Match Type Support
10%
dexvert
MacBinary (archive/macBinary)
fallback
Supported
1%
dexvert
Text File (text/txt)
fallback
Supported
100%
file
MacBinary II, Wed Aug 4 10:33:31 1993, modified Wed Aug 4 10:33:31 1993, creator Macintosh Edit, type ASCII, 55934 bytes "Building the Open Road" , at 0xdafe 286 bytes resource
default (weak)
99%
file
data
default
74%
TrID
Macintosh plain text (MacBinary)
default
25%
TrID
MacBinary 2
default (weak)
100%
siegfried
fmt/1762 MacBinary (II)
default
100%
lsar
MacBinary
default
id metadata key value macFileType [ TEXT] macFileCreator [ EDIT]
hex view +--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+ |00000000| 00 16 42 75 69 6c 64 69 | 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 4f |..Buildi|ng the O| |00000010| 70 65 6e 20 52 6f 61 64 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |pen Road|........| |00000020| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........| |00000030| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........| |00000040| 00 54 45 58 54 45 44 49 | 54 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |.TEXTEDI|T.......| |00000050| 00 00 00 00 00 da 7e 00 | 00 01 1e a8 85 79 3b a8 |......~.|.....y;.| |00000060| 85 79 3b 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |.y;.....|........| |00000070| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 81 81 8d be 00 00 |........|........| |00000080| 0d 0d 42 55 49 4c 44 49 | 4e 47 20 54 48 45 20 4f |..BUILDI|NG THE O| |00000090| 50 45 4e 20 52 4f 41 44 | 3a 0d 20 0d 54 68 65 20 |PEN ROAD|:. .The | |000000a0| 4e 52 45 4e 20 61 73 20 | 61 20 54 65 73 74 2d 42 |NREN as |a Test-B| |000000b0| 65 64 20 66 6f 72 20 74 | 68 65 20 4e 61 74 69 6f |ed for t|he Natio| |000000c0| 6e 61 6c 20 50 75 62 6c | 69 63 20 4e 65 74 77 6f |nal Publ|ic Netwo| |000000d0| 72 6b 0d 0d 0d 0d 0d 0d | 0d 0d 4d 69 74 63 68 65 |rk......|..Mitche| |000000e0| 6c 6c 20 4b 61 70 6f 72 | 20 61 6e 64 20 4a 65 72 |ll Kapor| and Jer| |000000f0| 72 79 20 42 65 72 6d 61 | 6e 0d 0d 20 42 75 69 6c |ry Berma|n.. Buil| |00000100| 64 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 | 20 4f 70 65 6e 20 52 6f |ding the| Open Ro| |00000110| 61 64 3a 20 0d 54 68 65 | 20 4e 52 45 4e 20 61 73 |ad: .The| NREN as| |00000120| 20 61 20 54 65 73 74 2d | 42 65 64 20 66 6f 72 20 | a Test-|Bed for | |00000130| 74 68 65 20 4e 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 61 6c 20 50 75 62 |the Nati|onal Pub| |00000140| 6c 69 63 20 4e 65 74 77 | 6f 72 6b 0d 0d 4d 69 74 |lic Netw|ork..Mit| |00000150| 63 68 65 6c 6c 20 4b 61 | 70 6f 72 20 61 6e 64 20 |chell Ka|por and | |00000160| 4a 65 72 72 79 20 42 65 | 72 6d 61 6e 2a 0d 0d 09 |Jerry Be|rman*...| |00000170| 41 20 64 65 62 61 74 65 | 20 68 61 73 20 62 65 67 |A debate| has beg| |00000180| 75 6e 20 61 62 6f 75 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 66 75 74 |un about| the fut| |00000190| 75 72 65 20 6f 66 20 41 | 6d 65 72 69 63 61 27 73 |ure of A|merica's| |000001a0| 20 63 6f 6d 6d 75 6e 69 | 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 | communi|cations | |000001b0| 69 6e 66 72 61 73 74 72 | 75 63 74 75 72 65 2e 20 |infrastr|ucture. | |000001c0| 20 41 74 20 73 74 61 6b | 65 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 | At stak|e is the| |000001d0| 20 0d 66 75 74 75 72 65 | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | .future| of the | |000001e0| 77 65 62 20 6f 66 20 69 | 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 |web of i|nformati| |000001f0| 6f 6e 20 6c 69 6e 6b 73 | 20 6f 72 67 61 6e 69 63 |on links| organic| |00000200| 61 6c 6c 79 20 65 76 6f | 6c 76 69 6e 67 20 66 72 |ally evo|lving fr| |00000210| 6f 6d 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 | 74 65 72 20 61 6e 64 20 |om compu|ter and | |00000220| 74 65 6c 65 70 68 6f 6e | 65 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d |telephon|e system| |00000230| 73 2e 20 20 42 79 20 74 | 68 65 20 0d 65 6e 64 20 |s. By t|he .end | |00000240| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 6e | 65 78 74 20 64 65 63 61 |of the n|ext deca| |00000250| 64 65 2c 20 74 68 65 73 | 65 20 6c 69 6e 6b 73 20 |de, thes|e links | |00000260| 77 69 6c 6c 20 63 6f 6e | 6e 65 63 74 20 6e 65 61 |will con|nect nea| |00000270| 72 6c 79 20 61 6c 6c 20 | 68 6f 6d 65 73 20 61 6e |rly all |homes an| |00000280| 64 20 62 75 73 69 6e 65 | 73 73 65 73 20 69 6e 20 |d busine|sses in | |00000290| 74 68 65 20 55 2e 53 2e | 20 54 68 65 79 20 77 69 |the U.S.| They wi| |000002a0| 6c 6c 20 0d 73 65 72 76 | 65 20 61 73 20 74 68 65 |ll .serv|e as the| |000002b0| 20 6d 61 69 6e 20 63 68 | 61 6e 6e 65 6c 73 20 66 | main ch|annels f| |000002c0| 6f 72 20 63 6f 6d 6d 65 | 72 63 65 2c 20 6c 65 61 |or comme|rce, lea| |000002d0| 72 6e 69 6e 67 2c 20 65 | 64 75 63 61 74 69 6f 6e |rning, e|ducation| |000002e0| 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 65 6e | 74 65 72 74 61 69 6e 6d |, and en|tertainm| |000002f0| 65 6e 74 20 69 6e 20 6f | 75 72 20 73 6f 63 69 65 |ent in o|ur socie| |00000300| 74 79 2e 20 54 68 65 20 | 6e 65 77 20 0d 69 6e 66 |ty. The |new .inf| |00000310| 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e | 20 69 6e 66 72 61 73 74 |ormation| infrast| |00000320| 72 75 63 74 75 72 65 20 | 77 69 6c 6c 20 6e 6f 74 |ructure |will not| |00000330| 20 62 65 20 63 72 65 61 | 74 65 64 20 69 6e 20 61 | be crea|ted in a| |00000340| 20 73 69 6e 67 6c 65 20 | 73 74 65 70 3a 20 6e 65 | single |step: ne| |00000350| 69 74 68 65 72 20 62 79 | 20 61 20 6d 61 73 73 69 |ither by| a massi| |00000360| 76 65 20 69 6e 66 75 73 | 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 70 |ve infus|ion of p| |00000370| 75 62 6c 69 63 20 0d 66 | 75 6e 64 73 2c 20 6e 6f |ublic .f|unds, no| |00000380| 72 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 | 68 65 20 70 72 69 76 61 |r with t|he priva| |00000390| 74 65 20 63 61 70 69 74 | 61 6c 20 6f 66 20 61 20 |te capit|al of a | |000003a0| 66 65 77 20 74 79 63 6f | 6f 6e 73 2c 20 73 75 63 |few tyco|ons, suc| |000003b0| 68 20 61 73 20 74 68 6f | 73 65 20 77 68 6f 20 62 |h as tho|se who b| |000003c0| 75 69 6c 74 20 74 68 65 | 20 72 61 69 6c 72 6f 61 |uilt the| railroa| |000003d0| 64 73 2e 20 20 20 52 61 | 74 68 65 72 20 74 68 65 |ds. Ra|ther the| |000003e0| 20 0d 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e | 61 6c 2c 20 70 75 62 6c | .nation|al, publ| |000003f0| 69 63 20 62 72 6f 61 64 | 62 61 6e 64 20 64 69 67 |ic broad|band dig| |00000400| 69 74 61 6c 20 6e 65 74 | 77 6f 72 6b 20 77 69 6c |ital net|work wil| |00000410| 6c 20 65 6d 65 72 67 65 | 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 |l emerge| from th| |00000420| 65 20 22 63 6f 6e 76 65 | 72 67 65 6e 63 65 22 20 |e "conve|rgence" | |00000430| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 70 | 75 62 6c 69 63 20 74 65 |of the p|ublic te| |00000440| 6c 65 70 68 6f 6e 65 20 | 0d 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 6b |lephone |.network| |00000450| 2c 20 74 68 65 20 63 61 | 62 6c 65 20 74 65 6c 65 |, the ca|ble tele| |00000460| 76 69 73 69 6f 6e 20 64 | 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 |vision d|istribut| |00000470| 69 6f 6e 20 73 79 73 74 | 65 6d 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 |ion syst|em, and | |00000480| 6f 74 68 65 72 20 6e 65 | 74 77 6f 72 6b 73 20 73 |other ne|tworks s| |00000490| 75 63 68 20 61 73 20 74 | 68 65 20 49 6e 74 65 72 |uch as t|he Inter| |000004a0| 6e 65 74 2e 0d 0d 09 54 | 68 65 20 55 6e 69 74 65 |net....T|he Unite| |000004b0| 64 20 53 74 61 74 65 73 | 20 43 6f 6e 67 72 65 73 |d States| Congres| |000004c0| 73 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 77 | 20 74 61 6b 69 6e 67 20 |s is now| taking | |000004d0| 61 20 63 72 69 74 69 63 | 61 6c 20 73 74 65 70 20 |a critic|al step | |000004e0| 74 6f 77 61 72 64 20 77 | 68 61 74 20 77 65 20 63 |toward w|hat we c| |000004f0| 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 65 20 | 4e 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c |all the |National| |00000500| 20 50 75 62 6c 69 63 20 | 0d 4e 65 74 77 6f 72 6b | Public |.Network| |00000510| 2c 20 61 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 53 65 6e 61 74 65 20 |, as the| Senate | |00000520| 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 | 48 6f 75 73 65 20 6f 66 |and the |House of| |00000530| 20 52 65 70 72 65 73 65 | 6e 74 61 74 69 76 65 73 | Represe|ntatives| |00000540| 20 6d 6f 76 65 20 74 6f | 77 61 72 64 20 65 6e 61 | move to|ward ena| |00000550| 63 74 69 6e 67 20 6c 65 | 67 69 73 6c 61 74 69 6f |cting le|gislatio| |00000560| 6e 20 74 6f 20 61 75 74 | 68 6f 72 69 7a 65 20 0d |n to aut|horize .| |00000570| 74 68 65 20 20 4e 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 52 65 |the Nat|ional Re| |00000580| 73 65 61 72 63 68 20 61 | 6e 64 20 45 64 75 63 61 |search a|nd Educa| |00000590| 74 69 6f 6e 20 4e 65 74 | 77 6f 72 6b 20 28 4e 52 |tion Net|work (NR| |000005a0| 45 4e 2c 20 70 72 6f 6e | 6f 75 6e 63 65 64 20 d2 |EN, pron|ounced .| |000005b0| 65 6e 2d 72 65 6e d3 29 | 2e 20 20 4e 6f 74 20 6f |en-ren.)|. Not o| |000005c0| 6e 6c 79 20 77 69 6c 6c | 20 74 68 65 20 4e 52 45 |nly will| the NRE| |000005d0| 4e 20 0d 6d 65 65 74 20 | 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 |N .meet |the comp| |000005e0| 75 74 65 72 20 61 6e 64 | 20 63 6f 6d 6d 75 6e 69 |uter and| communi| |000005f0| 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6e | 65 65 64 73 20 6f 66 20 |cation n|eeds of | |00000600| 73 63 69 65 6e 74 69 73 | 74 73 2c 20 72 65 73 65 |scientis|ts, rese| |00000610| 61 72 63 68 65 72 73 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 65 64 75 |archers,| and edu| |00000620| 63 61 74 6f 72 73 2c 20 | 62 75 74 20 61 6c 73 6f |cators, |but also| |00000630| 2c 20 69 66 20 0d 70 72 | 6f 70 65 72 6c 79 20 69 |, if .pr|operly i| |00000640| 6d 70 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 | 65 64 2c 20 69 74 20 63 |mplement|ed, it c| |00000650| 6f 75 6c 64 20 64 65 6d | 6f 6e 73 74 72 61 74 65 |ould dem|onstrate| |00000660| 20 68 6f 77 20 61 20 62 | 72 6f 61 64 62 61 6e 64 | how a b|roadband| |00000670| 20 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 6b | 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 | network| can be | |00000680| 75 73 65 64 20 69 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 66 75 74 75 |used in |the futu| |00000690| 72 65 2e 20 20 41 73 20 | 0d 70 6f 6c 69 63 79 20 |re. As |.policy | |000006a0| 6d 61 6b 65 72 73 20 64 | 65 62 61 74 65 20 74 68 |makers d|ebate th| |000006b0| 65 20 72 6f 6c 65 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 20 70 75 |e role o|f the pu| |000006c0| 62 6c 69 63 20 74 65 6c | 65 70 68 6f 6e 65 20 61 |blic tel|ephone a| |000006d0| 6e 64 20 6f 74 68 65 72 | 20 65 78 69 73 74 69 6e |nd other| existin| |000006e0| 67 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6e 65 |g inform|ation ne| |000006f0| 74 77 6f 72 6b 73 20 69 | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 0d 6e |tworks i|n the .n| |00000700| 61 74 69 6f 6e 27 73 20 | 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 |ation's |informat| |00000710| 69 6f 6e 20 69 6e 66 72 | 61 73 74 72 75 63 74 75 |ion infr|astructu| |00000720| 72 65 2c 20 74 68 65 20 | 4e 52 45 4e 20 63 61 6e |re, the |NREN can| |00000730| 20 73 65 72 76 65 20 61 | 73 20 61 20 77 6f 72 6b | serve a|s a work| |00000740| 69 6e 67 20 74 65 73 74 | 2d 62 65 64 20 66 6f 72 |ing test|-bed for| |00000750| 20 6e 65 77 20 74 65 63 | 68 6e 6f 6c 6f 67 69 65 | new tec|hnologie| |00000760| 73 2c 20 0d 61 70 70 6c | 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 |s, .appl|ications| |00000770| 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 67 6f | 76 65 72 6e 69 6e 67 20 |, and go|verning | |00000780| 70 6f 6c 69 63 69 65 73 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 77 69 |policies| that wi| |00000790| 6c 6c 20 75 6c 74 69 6d | 61 74 65 6c 79 20 73 68 |ll ultim|ately sh| |000007a0| 61 70 65 20 74 68 65 20 | 6c 61 72 67 65 72 20 6e |ape the |larger n| |000007b0| 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 | 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 6b 2e |ational |network.| |000007c0| 20 20 43 6f 6e 67 72 65 | 73 73 20 68 61 73 20 0d | Congre|ss has .| |000007d0| 69 6e 64 69 63 61 74 65 | 64 20 69 74 73 20 69 6e |indicate|d its in| |000007e0| 74 65 6e 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 |tention |that the| |000007f0| 20 4e 52 45 4e 20 70 72 | 6f 76 69 64 65 20 41 6d | NREN pr|ovide Am| |00000800| 65 72 69 63 61 6e 20 72 | 65 73 65 61 72 63 68 65 |erican r|esearche| |00000810| 72 73 20 61 6e 64 20 65 | 64 75 63 61 74 6f 72 73 |rs and e|ducators| |00000820| 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 | 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 | with th|e comput| |00000830| 65 72 20 0d 61 6e 64 20 | 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 |er .and |informat| |00000840| 69 6f 6e 20 72 65 73 6f | 75 72 63 65 73 20 74 68 |ion reso|urces th| |00000850| 65 79 20 6e 65 65 64 2c | 20 77 68 69 6c 65 20 64 |ey need,| while d| |00000860| 65 6d 6f 6e 73 74 72 61 | 74 69 6e 67 20 68 6f 77 |emonstra|ting how| |00000870| 20 61 64 76 61 6e 63 65 | 64 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 | advance|d comput| |00000880| 65 72 2c 20 68 69 67 68 | 20 73 70 65 65 64 20 0d |er, high| speed .| |00000890| 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 6b 73 | 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 65 6c |networks|, and el| |000008a0| 65 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 | 20 64 61 74 61 62 61 73 |ectronic| databas| |000008b0| 65 73 20 63 61 6e 20 69 | 6d 70 72 6f 76 65 20 74 |es can i|mprove t| |000008c0| 68 65 20 6e 61 74 69 6f | 6e 61 6c 20 69 6e 66 6f |he natio|nal info| |000008d0| 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 69 6e 66 72 61 73 74 72 |rmation |infrastr| |000008e0| 75 63 74 75 72 65 20 66 | 6f 72 20 75 73 65 20 62 |ucture f|or use b| |000008f0| 79 20 61 6c 6c 20 0d 41 | 6d 65 72 69 63 61 6e 73 |y all .A|mericans| |00000900| 2e 31 0d 0d 09 41 73 20 | 63 75 72 72 65 6e 74 6c |.1...As |currentl| |00000910| 79 20 65 6e 76 69 73 69 | 6f 6e 65 64 2c 20 74 68 |y envisi|oned, th| |00000920| 65 20 4e 52 45 4e 20 77 | 6f 75 6c 64 20 63 6f 6e |e NREN w|ould con| |00000930| 6e 65 63 74 20 6d 6f 72 | 65 20 74 68 61 6e 20 6f |nect mor|e than o| |00000940| 6e 65 20 6d 69 6c 6c 69 | 6f 6e 20 70 65 6f 70 6c |ne milli|on peopl| |00000950| 65 20 61 74 20 6d 6f 72 | 65 20 74 68 61 6e 20 0d |e at mor|e than .| |00000960| 6f 6e 65 20 74 68 6f 75 | 73 61 6e 64 20 63 6f 6c |one thou|sand col| |00000970| 6c 65 67 65 73 2c 20 75 | 6e 69 76 65 72 73 69 74 |leges, u|niversit| |00000980| 69 65 73 2c 20 6c 61 62 | 6f 72 61 74 6f 72 69 65 |ies, lab|oratorie| |00000990| 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 68 | 6f 73 70 69 74 61 6c 73 |s, and h|ospitals| |000009a0| 20 74 68 72 6f 75 67 68 | 6f 75 74 20 74 68 65 20 | through|out the | |000009b0| 63 6f 75 6e 74 72 79 2c | 20 67 69 76 69 6e 67 20 |country,| giving | |000009c0| 74 68 65 6d 20 0d 61 63 | 63 65 73 73 20 74 6f 20 |them .ac|cess to | |000009d0| 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 69 6e | 67 20 70 6f 77 65 72 20 |computin|g power | |000009e0| 61 6e 64 20 69 6e 66 6f | 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 2d |and info|rmation-| |000009f0| 2d 72 65 73 6f 75 72 63 | 65 73 20 75 6e 61 76 61 |-resourc|es unava| |00000a00| 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 20 61 | 6e 79 77 68 65 72 65 20 |ilable a|nywhere | |00000a10| 74 6f 64 61 79 2d 2d 61 | 6e 64 20 6d 61 6b 69 6e |today--a|nd makin| |00000a20| 67 20 0d 70 6f 73 73 69 | 62 6c 65 20 74 68 65 20 |g .possi|ble the | |00000a30| 72 61 70 69 64 20 70 72 | 6f 6c 69 66 65 72 61 74 |rapid pr|oliferat| |00000a40| 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 61 | 20 74 72 75 6c 79 20 6e |ion of a| truly n| |00000a50| 61 74 69 6f 6e 77 69 64 | 65 2c 20 75 62 69 71 75 |ationwid|e, ubiqu| |00000a60| 69 74 6f 75 73 20 6e 65 | 74 77 6f 72 6b 2e 2e 2e |itous ne|twork...| |00000a70| 32 20 54 68 65 20 63 6f | 6d 62 69 6e 65 64 20 64 |2 The co|mbined d| |00000a80| 65 6d 61 6e 64 20 6f 66 | 20 0d 74 68 65 73 65 20 |emand of| .these | |00000a90| 75 73 65 72 73 20 77 6f | 75 6c 64 20 64 65 76 65 |users wo|uld deve| |00000aa0| 6c 6f 70 20 69 6e 6e 6f | 76 61 74 69 76 65 20 6e |lop inno|vative n| |00000ab0| 65 77 20 73 65 72 76 69 | 63 65 73 20 61 6e 64 20 |ew servi|ces and | |00000ac0| 66 75 72 74 68 65 72 20 | 73 74 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 |further |stimulat| |00000ad0| 65 20 64 65 6d 61 6e 64 | 20 66 6f 72 20 65 78 69 |e demand| for exi| |00000ae0| 73 74 69 6e 67 20 6e 65 | 74 77 6f 72 6b 20 0d 61 |sting ne|twork .a| |00000af0| 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 73 2e 20 20 4c 69 |pplicati|ons. Li| |00000b00| 62 72 61 72 79 20 69 6e | 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f |brary in|formatio| |00000b10| 6e 20 73 65 72 76 69 63 | 65 73 2c 20 66 6f 72 20 |n servic|es, for | |00000b20| 65 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 2c | 20 68 61 76 65 20 61 6c |example,| have al| |00000b30| 72 65 61 64 79 20 67 72 | 6f 77 6e 20 64 72 61 6d |ready gr|own dram| |00000b40| 61 74 69 63 61 6c 6c 79 | 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 |atically| on the | |00000b50| 4e 52 45 4e 27 73 20 0d | 70 72 65 64 65 63 65 73 |NREN's .|predeces| |00000b60| 73 6f 72 2c 20 74 68 65 | 20 49 6e 74 65 72 6e 65 |sor, the| Interne| |00000b70| 74 2c 20 62 65 63 61 75 | 73 65 20 74 68 65 20 65 |t, becau|se the e| |00000b80| 6e 68 61 6e 63 65 64 20 | 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 |nhanced |connecti| |00000b90| 76 69 74 79 20 70 65 72 | 6d 69 74 73 20 73 63 68 |vity per|mits sch| |00000ba0| 6f 6c 61 72 73 20 61 6e | 64 20 72 65 73 65 61 72 |olars an|d resear| |00000bb0| 63 68 65 72 73 20 74 6f | 20 0d 63 6f 6d 6d 75 6e |chers to| .commun| |00000bc0| 69 63 61 74 65 20 69 6e | 20 6e 65 77 20 61 6e 64 |icate in| new and| |00000bd0| 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 | 6e 74 20 77 61 79 73 2e | differe|nt ways.| |00000be0| 2e 2e 2e 20 43 6c 65 61 | 72 6c 79 2c 20 74 6f 20 |... Clea|rly, to | |00000bf0| 62 65 20 73 75 63 63 65 | 73 73 66 75 6c 2c 20 65 |be succe|ssful, e| |00000c00| 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 | 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 6f 66 |ffective|, and of| |00000c10| 20 75 73 65 20 74 6f 20 | 74 68 65 20 61 63 61 64 | use to |the acad| |00000c20| 65 6d 69 63 20 0d 61 6e | 64 20 72 65 73 65 61 72 |emic .an|d resear| |00000c30| 63 68 20 63 6f 6d 6d 75 | 6e 69 74 69 65 73 2c 20 |ch commu|nities, | |00000c40| 74 68 65 20 4e 52 45 4e | 20 6d 75 73 74 20 62 65 |the NREN| must be| |00000c50| 20 64 65 73 69 67 6e 65 | 64 20 74 6f 20 6e 75 72 | designe|d to nur| |00000c60| 74 75 72 65 20 61 6e 64 | 20 61 63 63 6f 6d 6d 6f |ture and| accommo| |00000c70| 64 61 74 65 20 62 6f 74 | 68 20 74 68 65 20 63 75 |date bot|h the cu| |00000c80| 72 72 65 6e 74 20 61 73 | 20 0d 77 65 6c 6c 20 61 |rrent as| .well a| |00000c90| 73 20 66 75 74 75 72 65 | 20 79 65 74 20 75 6e 6b |s future| yet unk| |00000ca0| 6e 6f 77 6e 20 75 73 65 | 73 20 6f 66 20 76 61 6c |nown use|s of val| |00000cb0| 75 61 62 6c 65 20 69 6e | 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f |uable in|formatio| |00000cc0| 6e 20 72 65 73 6f 75 72 | 63 65 73 2e 33 0d 0d 09 |n resour|ces.3...| |00000cd0| 53 6f 20 61 73 20 74 68 | 65 20 4e 52 45 4e 20 69 |So as th|e NREN i| |00000ce0| 6d 70 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 70 72 |mplement|ation pr| |00000cf0| 6f 63 65 73 73 20 70 72 | 6f 67 72 65 73 73 65 73 |ocess pr|ogresses| |00000d00| 2c 20 69 74 20 69 73 20 | 76 69 74 61 6c 20 74 68 |, it is |vital th| |00000d10| 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 6f | 70 70 6f 72 74 75 6e 69 |at the o|pportuni| |00000d20| 74 69 65 73 20 74 6f 20 | 73 74 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 |ties to |stimulat| |00000d30| 65 20 0d 69 6e 6e 6f 76 | 61 74 69 76 65 20 6e 65 |e .innov|ative ne| |00000d40| 77 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 65 |w inform|ation te| |00000d50| 63 68 6e 6f 6c 6f 67 69 | 65 73 20 62 65 20 6b 65 |chnologi|es be ke| |00000d60| 70 74 20 69 6e 20 6d 69 | 6e 64 2c 20 61 6c 6f 6e |pt in mi|nd, alon| |00000d70| 67 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 | 68 65 20 73 70 65 63 69 |g with t|he speci| |00000d80| 66 69 63 20 6e 65 65 64 | 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 |fic need|s of the| |00000d90| 20 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e | 20 0d 61 67 65 6e 63 69 | mission| .agenci| |00000da0| 65 73 20 77 68 69 63 68 | 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 63 6f |es which| will co| |00000db0| 6d 65 20 74 6f 20 64 65 | 70 65 6e 64 20 6f 6e 20 |me to de|pend on | |00000dc0| 74 68 65 20 6e 65 74 77 | 6f 72 6b 2e 20 20 0d 0d |the netw|ork. ..| |00000dd0| 09 46 61 72 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 65 76 6f 6c 76 69 |.Far fro|m evolvi| |00000de0| 6e 67 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 | 74 68 65 20 77 68 6f 6c |ng into |the whol| |00000df0| 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 4e 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 |e of the| Nationa| |00000e00| 6c 20 50 75 62 6c 69 63 | 20 4e 65 74 77 6f 72 6b |l Public| Network| |00000e10| 20 69 74 73 65 6c 66 2c | 20 74 68 65 20 4e 52 45 | itself,| the NRE| |00000e20| 4e 20 69 73 20 62 65 73 | 74 20 74 68 6f 75 67 68 |N is bes|t though| |00000e30| 74 20 0d 6f 66 20 61 73 | 20 61 20 70 72 6f 74 6f |t .of as| a proto| |00000e40| 74 79 70 65 20 66 6f 72 | 20 74 68 65 20 4e 50 4e |type for| the NPN| |00000e50| 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 | 77 69 6c 6c 20 65 6d 65 |, which |will eme| |00000e60| 72 67 65 20 6f 76 65 72 | 20 74 69 6d 65 20 66 72 |rge over| time fr| |00000e70| 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 70 | 68 6f 6e 65 20 73 79 73 |om the p|hone sys| |00000e80| 74 65 6d 2c 20 63 61 62 | 6c 65 20 74 65 6c 65 76 |tem, cab|le telev| |00000e90| 69 73 69 6f 6e 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 0d 6d 61 6e 79 |ision, a|nd .many| |00000ea0| 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 | 72 20 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 | compute|r networ| |00000eb0| 6b 73 2e 20 20 42 75 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 4e 52 45 |ks. But| the NRE| |00000ec0| 4e 20 69 73 20 61 20 67 | 72 6f 77 74 68 20 73 69 |N is a g|rowth si| |00000ed0| 74 65 20 77 68 69 63 68 | 2c 20 75 6e 6c 69 6b 65 |te which|, unlike| |00000ee0| 20 70 72 69 76 61 74 65 | 6c 79 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 | private|ly contr| |00000ef0| 6f 6c 6c 65 64 20 73 79 | 73 74 65 6d 73 2c 20 63 |olled sy|stems, c| |00000f00| 61 6e 20 0d 62 65 20 63 | 6f 6e 73 63 69 6f 75 73 |an .be c|onscious| |00000f10| 6c 79 20 73 68 61 70 65 | 64 20 74 6f 20 6d 65 65 |ly shape|d to mee| |00000f20| 74 20 70 75 62 6c 69 63 | 20 6e 65 65 64 73 2e 20 |t public| needs. | |00000f30| 20 46 6f 72 20 61 20 77 | 69 64 65 20 76 61 72 69 | For a w|ide vari| |00000f40| 65 74 79 20 6f 66 20 73 | 65 72 76 69 63 65 73 2c |ety of s|ervices,| |00000f50| 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 6f 66 | 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 6d | some of| which m| |00000f60| 69 67 68 74 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 62 65 20 0d 63 6f 6d |ight not| be .com| |00000f70| 6d 65 72 63 69 61 6c 6c | 79 20 76 69 61 62 6c 65 |merciall|y viable| |00000f80| 20 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 | 6f 75 74 73 65 74 2c 20 | at the |outset, | |00000f90| 74 68 65 20 4e 52 45 4e | 20 63 61 6e 20 70 72 6f |the NREN| can pro| |00000fa0| 76 69 64 65 20 73 65 6c | 65 63 74 69 76 65 20 61 |vide sel|ective a| |00000fb0| 63 63 65 73 73 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 70 72 6f 76 65 |ccess th|at prove| |00000fc0| 73 20 66 65 61 73 69 62 | 69 6c 69 74 79 20 61 6e |s feasib|ility an| |00000fd0| 64 20 6c 65 61 64 73 20 | 0d 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 |d leads |.to the | |00000fe0| 63 72 65 61 74 69 6f 6e | 20 6f 66 20 61 20 63 6f |creation| of a co| |00000ff0| 6d 6d 65 72 63 69 61 6c | 20 69 6e 66 72 61 73 74 |mmercial| infrast| |00001000| 72 75 63 74 75 72 65 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 63 61 6e |ructure |that can| |00001010| 20 73 75 70 70 6f 72 74 | 20 75 6e 69 76 65 72 73 | support| univers| |00001020| 61 6c 20 73 65 72 76 69 | 63 65 73 2e 2e 2e 2e 20 |al servi|ces.... | |00001030| 49 66 20 77 65 20 66 75 | 6c 6c 79 20 66 6f 63 75 |If we fu|lly focu| |00001040| 73 20 6f 6e 20 0d 5b 63 | 75 72 72 65 6e 74 5d 20 |s on .[c|urrent] | |00001050| 67 6f 61 6c 73 20 61 6e | 64 20 77 6f 72 6b 20 6f |goals an|d work o| |00001060| 75 72 20 77 61 79 20 74 | 68 72 6f 75 67 68 20 61 |ur way t|hrough a| |00001070| 20 6d 75 6c 74 69 74 75 | 64 65 20 6f 66 20 74 65 | multitu|de of te| |00001080| 63 68 6e 69 63 61 6c 20 | 61 6e 64 20 6f 70 65 72 |chnical |and oper| |00001090| 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 | 69 73 73 75 65 73 20 69 |ational |issues i| |000010a0| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 | 6f 63 65 73 73 2c 20 0d |n the pr|ocess, .| |000010b0| 74 68 65 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 73 75 63 63 65 73 73 |then the| success| |000010c0| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | 4e 52 45 4e 20 77 69 6c | of the |NREN wil| |000010d0| 6c 20 66 75 6c 6c 79 20 | 73 75 70 70 6f 72 74 20 |l fully |support | |000010e0| 69 74 73 20 65 78 74 65 | 6e 73 69 6f 6e 20 74 6f |its exte|nsion to| |000010f0| 20 62 72 6f 61 64 65 72 | 20 75 73 65 73 20 69 6e | broader| uses in| |00001100| 20 74 68 65 20 79 65 61 | 72 73 20 74 6f 20 66 6f | the yea|rs to fo| |00001110| 6c 6c 6f 77 2e 34 0d 49 | 6e 20 6f 72 64 65 72 20 |llow.4.I|n order | |00001120| 74 6f 20 66 75 6e 63 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 61 73 20 61 |to funct|ion as a| |00001130| 6e 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 | 69 76 65 20 74 65 73 74 |n effect|ive test| |00001140| 2d 62 65 64 2c 20 6f 6e | 65 20 74 68 61 74 20 70 |-bed, on|e that p| |00001150| 72 6f 6d 6f 74 65 73 20 | 62 72 6f 61 64 20 61 63 |romotes |broad ac| |00001160| 63 65 73 73 20 74 6f 20 | 61 20 72 61 6e 67 65 20 |cess to |a range | |00001170| 6f 66 20 69 6e 6e 6f 76 | 61 74 69 76 65 2c 20 0d |of innov|ative, .| |00001180| 64 65 76 65 6c 6f 70 69 | 6e 67 20 73 65 72 76 69 |developi|ng servi| |00001190| 63 65 73 2c 20 74 68 65 | 20 4e 52 45 4e 20 6d 75 |ces, the| NREN mu| |000011a0| 73 74 20 62 65 20 62 75 | 69 6c 74 20 73 6f 20 74 |st be bu|ilt so t| |000011b0| 68 61 74 20 69 74 20 69 | 73 20 65 61 73 79 20 66 |hat it i|s easy f| |000011c0| 6f 72 20 64 65 76 65 6c | 6f 70 65 72 73 20 74 6f |or devel|opers to| |000011d0| 20 6f 66 66 65 72 20 6e | 65 77 20 6b 69 6e 64 73 | offer n|ew kinds| |000011e0| 20 6f 66 20 0d 61 70 70 | 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e | of .app|lication| |000011f0| 73 20 61 6e 64 20 69 73 | 20 61 63 63 65 73 73 69 |s and is| accessi| |00001200| 62 6c 65 20 74 6f 20 61 | 20 64 69 76 65 72 73 69 |ble to a| diversi| |00001210| 74 79 20 6f 66 20 75 73 | 65 72 73 2e 20 20 46 6f |ty of us|ers. Fo| |00001220| 72 20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c | 65 2c 20 74 6f 20 65 6e |r exampl|e, to en| |00001230| 63 6f 75 72 61 67 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 64 65 76 65 |courage |the deve| |00001240| 6c 6f 70 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 6f 66 20 0d 63 72 65 61 |lopment |of .crea| |00001250| 74 69 76 65 2c 20 61 64 | 76 61 6e 63 65 64 20 6c |tive, ad|vanced l| |00001260| 69 62 72 61 72 79 20 73 | 65 72 76 69 63 65 73 2c |ibrary s|ervices,| |00001270| 20 69 74 20 6d 75 73 74 | 20 62 65 20 65 61 73 79 | it must| be easy| |00001280| 20 66 6f 72 20 6c 69 62 | 72 61 72 69 65 73 20 74 | for lib|raries t| |00001290| 6f 20 6f 70 65 6e 20 74 | 68 65 69 72 20 64 61 74 |o open t|heir dat| |000012a0| 61 20 62 61 73 65 73 20 | 74 6f 20 75 73 65 72 73 |a bases |to users| |000012b0| 20 61 6c 6c 20 61 63 72 | 6f 73 73 20 0d 74 68 65 | all acr|oss .the| |000012c0| 20 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 6b | 2e 20 20 41 6e 64 20 69 | network|. And i| |000012d0| 66 20 74 68 65 73 65 20 | 6c 69 62 72 61 72 79 20 |f these |library | |000012e0| 73 65 72 76 69 63 65 73 | 20 61 72 65 20 74 6f 20 |services| are to | |000012f0| 66 6c 6f 75 72 69 73 68 | 20 74 68 72 6f 75 67 68 |flourish| through| |00001300| 20 74 68 65 20 4e 52 45 | 4e 2c 20 74 68 65 6e 20 | the NRE|N, then | |00001310| 74 68 65 20 73 65 72 76 | 69 63 65 73 20 6d 75 73 |the serv|ices mus| |00001320| 74 20 62 65 20 0d 61 76 | 61 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 20 |t be .av|ailable | |00001330| 74 6f 20 72 65 73 65 61 | 72 63 68 65 72 73 20 61 |to resea|rchers a| |00001340| 6e 64 20 73 74 75 64 65 | 6e 74 73 20 61 6c 6c 20 |nd stude|nts all | |00001350| 6f 76 65 72 20 74 68 65 | 20 63 6f 75 6e 74 72 79 |over the| country| |00001360| 2c 20 74 68 72 6f 75 67 | 68 20 61 20 76 61 72 69 |, throug|h a vari| |00001370| 65 74 79 20 6f 66 20 63 | 68 61 6e 6e 65 6c 73 2e |ety of c|hannels.| |00001380| 20 20 54 68 6f 75 67 68 | 20 74 68 65 20 0d 4e 52 | Though| the .NR| |00001390| 45 4e 20 69 74 73 65 6c | 66 20 69 73 20 69 6e 74 |EN itsel|f is int| |000013a0| 65 6e 64 65 64 20 74 6f | 20 6d 65 65 74 20 74 68 |ended to| meet th| |000013b0| 65 20 73 75 70 65 72 63 | 6f 6d 70 75 74 69 6e 67 |e superc|omputing| |000013c0| 20 61 6e 64 20 6e 65 74 | 77 6f 72 6b 69 6e 67 20 | and net|working | |000013d0| 6e 65 65 64 73 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 20 67 6f 76 |needs of| the gov| |000013e0| 65 72 6e 6d 65 6e 74 2d | 66 69 6e 61 6e 63 65 64 |ernment-|financed| |000013f0| 20 0d 72 65 73 65 61 72 | 63 68 20 63 6f 6d 6d 75 | .resear|ch commu| |00001400| 6e 69 74 79 2c 20 43 6f | 6e 67 72 65 73 73 20 68 |nity, Co|ngress h| |00001410| 61 73 20 77 69 73 65 6c | 79 20 72 65 63 6f 67 6e |as wisel|y recogn| |00001420| 69 7a 65 64 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 69 74 20 63 61 6e |ized tha|t it can| |00001430| 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 66 75 | 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 | also fu|nction a| |00001440| 73 20 61 20 63 68 61 6e | 6e 65 6c 20 66 6f 72 20 |s a chan|nel for | |00001450| 64 65 6c 69 76 65 72 79 | 20 6f 66 20 0d 61 20 77 |delivery| of .a w| |00001460| 69 64 65 20 72 61 6e 67 | 65 20 6f 66 20 70 72 69 |ide rang|e of pri| |00001470| 76 61 74 65 6c 79 20 64 | 65 76 65 6c 6f 70 65 64 |vately d|eveloped| |00001480| 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 73 65 72 | informa|tion ser| |00001490| 76 69 63 65 73 2e 20 20 | 54 6f 20 65 6e 63 6f 75 |vices. |To encou| |000014a0| 72 61 67 65 20 75 73 65 | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |rage use| of the | |000014b0| 4e 65 74 77 6f 72 6b 20 | 62 79 20 0d 63 6f 6d 6d |Network |by .comm| |000014c0| 65 72 63 69 61 6c 20 69 | 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 |ercial i|nformati| |000014d0| 6f 6e 20 73 65 72 76 69 | 63 65 20 70 72 6f 76 69 |on servi|ce provi| |000014e0| 64 65 72 73 2c 20 77 68 | 65 72 65 20 74 65 63 68 |ders, wh|ere tech| |000014f0| 6e 69 63 61 6c 6c 79 20 | 66 65 61 73 69 62 6c 65 |nically |feasible| |00001500| 2c 20 74 68 65 20 4e 65 | 74 77 6f 72 6b 20 73 68 |, the Ne|twork sh| |00001510| 61 6c 6c 20 68 61 76 65 | 20 61 63 63 6f 75 6e 74 |all have| account| |00001520| 69 6e 67 20 0d 6d 65 63 | 68 61 6e 69 73 6d 73 20 |ing .mec|hanisms | |00001530| 77 68 69 63 68 20 61 6c | 6c 6f 77 2c 20 77 68 65 |which al|low, whe| |00001540| 72 65 20 61 70 70 72 6f | 70 72 69 61 74 65 2c 20 |re appro|priate, | |00001550| 75 73 65 72 73 20 6f 72 | 20 67 72 6f 75 70 73 20 |users or| groups | |00001560| 6f 66 20 75 73 65 72 73 | 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 63 |of users| to be c| |00001570| 68 61 72 67 65 64 20 66 | 6f 72 20 74 68 65 69 72 |harged f|or their| |00001580| 20 75 73 61 67 65 20 6f | 66 20 0d 63 6f 70 79 72 | usage o|f .copyr| |00001590| 69 67 68 74 65 64 20 6d | 61 74 65 72 69 61 6c 73 |ighted m|aterials| |000015a0| 20 6f 76 65 72 20 74 68 | 65 20 4e 65 74 77 6f 72 | over th|e Networ| |000015b0| 6b 2e 35 0d 0d 09 43 6f | 6e 67 72 65 73 73 20 63 |k.5...Co|ngress c| |000015c0| 61 6e 20 63 72 65 61 74 | 65 20 61 6e 20 65 6e 76 |an creat|e an env| |000015d0| 69 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 73 74 |ironment| that st| |000015e0| 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 65 73 | 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 |imulates| informa| |000015f0| 74 69 6f 6e 20 65 6e 74 | 72 65 70 72 65 6e 65 75 |tion ent|repreneu| |00001600| 72 73 68 69 70 20 62 79 | 20 6d 61 6e 64 61 74 69 |rship by| mandati| |00001610| 6e 67 20 0d 74 68 61 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 4e 52 45 |ng .that| the NRE| |00001620| 4e 20 72 65 6c 79 20 6f | 6e 20 6f 70 65 6e 20 74 |N rely o|n open t| |00001630| 65 63 68 6e 69 63 61 6c | 20 73 74 61 6e 64 61 72 |echnical| standar| |00001640| 64 73 20 77 68 6f 73 65 | 20 73 70 65 63 69 66 69 |ds whose| specifi| |00001650| 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 61 72 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 |cations |are not | |00001660| 63 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c 6c | 65 64 20 62 79 20 61 6e |controll|ed by an| |00001670| 79 20 70 72 69 76 61 74 | 65 20 0d 70 61 72 74 69 |y privat|e .parti| |00001680| 65 73 20 61 6e 64 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 61 72 65 20 |es and t|hat are | |00001690| 66 72 65 65 6c 79 20 61 | 76 61 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 |freely a|vailable| |000016a0| 20 66 6f 72 20 61 6c 6c | 20 74 6f 20 75 73 65 2e | for all| to use.| |000016b0| 20 20 53 75 63 68 20 6e | 6f 6e 2d 70 72 6f 70 72 | Such n|on-propr| |000016c0| 69 65 74 61 72 79 20 73 | 74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 73 |ietary s|tandards| |000016d0| 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 65 6e | 73 75 72 65 20 74 68 61 | will en|sure tha| |000016e0| 74 20 0d 64 69 66 66 65 | 72 65 6e 74 20 70 61 72 |t .diffe|rent par| |000016f0| 74 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 |ts of th|e networ| |00001700| 6b 2c 20 62 75 69 6c 74 | 20 61 6e 64 20 6f 70 65 |k, built| and ope| |00001710| 72 61 74 65 64 20 62 79 | 20 69 6e 64 65 70 65 6e |rated by| indepen| |00001720| 64 65 6e 74 20 70 61 72 | 74 69 65 73 2c 20 77 69 |dent par|ties, wi| |00001730| 6c 6c 20 61 6c 6c 20 77 | 6f 72 6b 20 74 6f 67 65 |ll all w|ork toge| |00001740| 74 68 65 72 20 70 72 6f | 70 65 72 6c 79 2e 20 20 |ther pro|perly. | |00001750| 0d 42 79 20 65 6d 70 6c | 6f 79 69 6e 67 20 77 69 |.By empl|oying wi| |00001760| 64 65 6c 79 20 75 73 65 | 64 2c 20 6e 6f 6e 2d 70 |dely use|d, non-p| |00001770| 72 6f 70 72 69 65 74 61 | 72 79 20 73 74 61 6e 64 |roprieta|ry stand| |00001780| 61 72 64 73 2c 20 74 68 | 65 20 4e 52 45 4e 20 77 |ards, th|e NREN w| |00001790| 69 6c 6c 20 6d 61 6b 65 | 20 69 74 20 65 61 73 79 |ill make| it easy| |000017a0| 20 66 6f 72 20 6e 65 77 | 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 | for new| informa| |000017b0| 74 69 6f 6e 20 0d 70 72 | 6f 76 69 64 65 72 73 20 |tion .pr|oviders | |000017c0| 74 6f 20 6f 66 66 65 72 | 20 74 68 65 69 72 20 77 |to offer| their w| |000017d0| 61 72 65 73 20 6f 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 6e 65 74 77 |ares on |the netw| |000017e0| 6f 72 6b 2e 20 20 54 68 | 65 20 6d 61 72 6b 65 74 |ork. Th|e market| |000017f0| 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 73 6e | 6f 77 62 61 6c 6c 3a 20 | will sn|owball: | |00001800| 61 73 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 | 73 65 72 76 69 63 65 73 |as more |services| |00001810| 20 61 72 65 20 6f 66 66 | 65 72 65 64 2c 20 0d 6d | are off|ered, .m| |00001820| 6f 72 65 20 75 73 65 72 | 73 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 |ore user|s will b| |00001830| 65 20 61 74 74 72 61 63 | 74 65 64 2c 20 77 68 6f |e attrac|ted, who| |00001840| 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 69 6e | 63 72 65 61 73 65 20 6f | will in|crease o| |00001850| 76 65 72 61 6c 6c 20 64 | 65 6d 61 6e 64 2e 20 20 |verall d|emand. | |00001860| 54 68 65 20 4e 52 45 4e | 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 61 6c |The NREN| will al| |00001870| 73 6f 20 62 65 20 61 20 | 74 65 73 74 2d 62 65 64 |so be a |test-bed| |00001880| 20 66 6f 72 20 0d 64 65 | 76 65 6c 6f 70 6d 65 6e | for .de|velopmen| |00001890| 74 20 6f 66 20 61 6e 64 | 20 65 78 70 65 72 69 6d |t of and| experim| |000018a0| 65 6e 74 61 74 69 6f 6e | 20 77 69 74 68 20 6e 65 |entation| with ne| |000018b0| 77 20 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 | 6b 69 6e 67 20 73 74 61 |w networ|king sta| |000018c0| 6e 64 61 72 64 73 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 66 61 63 69 |ndards t|hat faci| |000018d0| 6c 69 74 61 74 65 20 65 | 76 65 6e 20 62 72 6f 61 |litate e|ven broa| |000018e0| 64 65 72 2c 20 6d 6f 72 | 65 20 0d 65 66 66 69 63 |der, mor|e .effic| |000018f0| 69 65 6e 74 20 69 6e 74 | 65 72 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 |ient int|erconnec| |00001900| 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 68 61 | 6e 20 6e 6f 77 20 70 6f |tion tha|n now po| |00001910| 73 73 69 62 6c 65 20 6f | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 49 6e |ssible o|n the In| |00001920| 74 65 72 6e 65 74 2e 20 | 20 42 75 74 20 74 68 72 |ternet. | But thr| |00001930| 6f 75 67 68 6f 75 74 20 | 74 68 65 20 73 74 61 67 |oughout |the stag| |00001940| 65 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 4e 52 45 4e 2c 20 |es of th|e NREN, | |00001950| 61 6c 6c 20 0d 63 6f 6e | 63 65 72 6e 65 64 20 73 |all .con|cerned s| |00001960| 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 77 6f | 72 6b 20 74 6f 20 61 73 |hould wo|rk to as| |00001970| 73 75 72 65 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 74 68 65 73 65 20 |sure tha|t these | |00001980| 66 75 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e | 61 6c 69 74 69 65 73 20 |function|alities | |00001990| 61 72 65 20 66 6f 73 74 | 65 72 65 64 2e 20 20 0d |are fost|ered. .| |000019a0| 0d 09 54 68 65 20 4e 52 | 45 4e 20 64 65 73 69 67 |..The NR|EN desig| |000019b0| 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 63 6f | 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 |n and co|nstructi| |000019c0| 6f 6e 20 70 72 6f 63 65 | 73 73 20 69 73 20 63 6f |on proce|ss is co| |000019d0| 6d 70 6c 65 78 20 61 6e | 64 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 68 |mplex an|d will h| |000019e0| 61 76 65 20 73 69 67 6e | 69 66 69 63 61 6e 74 20 |ave sign|ificant | |000019f0| 65 66 66 65 63 74 73 20 | 6f 6e 20 66 75 74 75 72 |effects |on futur| |00001a00| 65 20 0d 63 6f 6d 6d 75 | 6e 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e |e .commu|nication| |00001a10| 73 20 69 6e 66 72 61 73 | 74 72 75 63 74 75 72 65 |s infras|tructure| |00001a20| 20 64 65 73 69 67 6e 3a | 0d 09 42 75 69 6c 64 69 | design:|..Buildi| |00001a30| 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 4e | 52 45 4e 20 68 61 73 20 |ng the N|REN has | |00001a40| 66 72 65 71 75 65 6e 74 | 6c 79 20 62 65 65 6e 20 |frequent|ly been | |00001a50| 64 65 73 63 72 69 62 65 | 64 20 61 73 20 61 6b 69 |describe|d as aki| |00001a60| 6e 20 74 6f 20 62 75 69 | 6c 64 69 6e 67 20 61 20 |n to bui|lding a | |00001a70| 68 6f 75 73 65 2c 20 77 | 69 74 68 20 76 61 72 69 |house, w|ith vari| |00001a80| 6f 75 73 20 0d 6c 61 79 | 65 72 73 20 6f 66 20 74 |ous .lay|ers of t| |00001a90| 68 65 20 6e 65 74 77 6f | 72 6b 20 61 72 63 68 69 |he netwo|rk archi| |00001aa0| 74 65 63 74 75 72 65 20 | 63 6f 6d 70 61 72 65 64 |tecture |compared| |00001ab0| 20 74 6f 20 70 61 72 74 | 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | to part|s of the| |00001ac0| 20 68 6f 75 73 65 2e 20 | 20 49 6e 20 61 6e 20 65 | house. | In an e| |00001ad0| 78 70 61 6e 64 65 64 20 | 76 69 65 77 20 6f 66 20 |xpanded |view of | |00001ae0| 74 68 69 73 20 61 6e 61 | 6c 6f 67 79 2c 20 0d 70 |this ana|logy, .p| |00001af0| 6c 61 6e 6e 69 6e 67 20 | 74 68 65 20 4e 49 49 20 |lanning |the NII | |00001b00| 5b 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 | 6c 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d |[nationa|l inform| |00001b10| 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 6e | 66 72 61 73 74 72 75 63 |ation in|frastruc| |00001b20| 74 75 72 65 5d 20 69 73 | 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 64 65 |ture] is| like de| |00001b30| 73 69 67 6e 69 6e 67 20 | 61 20 6c 61 72 67 65 2c |signing |a large,| |00001b40| 20 75 72 62 61 6e 20 63 | 69 74 79 2e 0d 09 54 68 | urban c|ity...Th| |00001b50| 65 20 4e 52 45 4e 20 69 | 73 20 61 20 62 69 67 20 |e NREN i|s a big | |00001b60| 6e 65 77 20 73 75 62 64 | 69 76 69 73 69 6f 6e 20 |new subd|ivision | |00001b70| 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 65 | 64 67 65 20 6f 66 20 74 |on the e|dge of t| |00001b80| 68 65 20 6d 65 74 72 6f | 70 6f 6c 69 73 2c 20 72 |he metro|polis, r| |00001b90| 65 73 65 72 76 65 64 20 | 66 6f 72 20 72 65 73 65 |eserved |for rese| |00001ba0| 61 72 63 68 65 72 73 20 | 61 6e 64 20 0d 65 64 75 |archers |and .edu| |00001bb0| 63 61 74 6f 72 73 2e 20 | 20 49 74 20 69 73 20 67 |cators. | It is g| |00001bc0| 6f 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 | 62 65 20 62 75 69 6c 74 |oing to |be built| |00001bd0| 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 61 | 6e 64 20 69 73 20 67 6f | first a|nd is go| |00001be0| 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 6c | 6f 6f 6b 20 6c 6f 6e 65 |ing to l|ook lone| |00001bf0| 6c 79 20 6f 75 74 20 74 | 68 65 72 65 20 69 6e 20 |ly out t|here in | |00001c00| 74 68 65 20 6d 69 64 64 | 6c 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 |the midd|le of th| |00001c10| 65 20 70 61 73 74 75 72 | 65 20 66 6f 72 20 0d 61 |e pastur|e for .a| |00001c20| 20 77 68 69 6c 65 2e 20 | 20 42 75 74 20 74 68 65 | while. | But the| |00001c30| 20 63 69 74 79 20 77 69 | 6c 6c 20 67 72 6f 77 20 | city wi|ll grow | |00001c40| 75 70 20 61 72 6f 75 6e | 64 20 69 74 20 69 6e 20 |up aroun|d it in | |00001c50| 74 69 6d 65 2c 20 61 6e | 64 20 61 73 20 63 6f 6e |time, an|d as con| |00001c60| 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 6f | 6e 20 70 72 6f 63 65 65 |structio|n procee| |00001c70| 64 73 2c 20 74 68 65 20 | 6d 69 73 61 64 76 65 6e |ds, the |misadven| |00001c80| 74 75 72 65 73 20 0d 65 | 6e 63 6f 75 6e 74 65 72 |tures .e|ncounter| |00001c90| 65 64 20 69 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 4e 52 45 4e 20 73 |ed in th|e NREN s| |00001ca0| 75 62 64 69 76 69 73 69 | 6f 6e 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 |ubdivisi|on will | |00001cb0| 6e 6f 74 20 68 61 76 65 | 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 72 |not have| to be r| |00001cc0| 65 70 65 61 74 65 64 20 | 69 6e 20 6f 74 68 65 72 |epeated |in other| |00001cd0| 73 2e 20 20 41 6e 64 20 | 74 68 65 72 65 20 77 69 |s. And |there wi| |00001ce0| 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 6d 61 | 6e 79 20 0d 68 6f 75 73 |ll be ma|ny .hous| |00001cf0| 65 20 64 65 73 69 67 6e | 73 2c 20 6e 6f 74 20 6a |e design|s, not j| |00001d00| 75 73 74 20 74 68 6f 73 | 65 20 74 68 65 20 4e 52 |ust thos|e the NR| |00001d10| 45 4e 20 66 61 6d 69 6c | 69 65 73 20 61 72 65 20 |EN famil|ies are | |00001d20| 63 6f 6d 66 6f 72 74 61 | 62 6c 65 20 77 69 74 68 |comforta|ble with| |00001d30| 2e 2e 2e 2e 20 54 68 65 | 20 6c 65 73 73 6f 6e 73 |.... The| lessons| |00001d40| 20 77 65 20 6c 65 61 72 | 6e 20 74 6f 64 61 79 20 | we lear|n today | |00001d50| 69 6e 20 0d 62 75 69 6c | 64 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 |in .buil|ding the| |00001d60| 20 4e 52 45 4e 20 77 69 | 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 75 73 | NREN wi|ll be us| |00001d70| 65 64 20 74 6f 6d 6f 72 | 72 6f 77 20 69 6e 20 62 |ed tomor|row in b| |00001d80| 75 69 6c 64 69 6e 67 20 | 74 68 65 20 4e 49 49 2e |uilding |the NII.| |00001d90| 36 20 54 68 65 20 63 6f | 6d 69 6e 67 20 69 6d 70 |6 The co|ming imp| |00001da0| 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 |lementat|ion and | |00001db0| 64 65 73 69 67 6e 20 0d | 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 4e |design .|of the N| |00001dc0| 52 45 4e 20 6f 66 66 65 | 72 73 20 75 73 20 61 20 |REN offe|rs us a | |00001dd0| 63 72 69 74 69 63 61 6c | 20 6f 70 70 6f 72 74 75 |critical| opportu| |00001de0| 6e 69 74 79 20 74 6f 20 | 73 68 61 70 65 20 61 20 |nity to |shape a | |00001df0| 73 6d 61 6c 6c 20 62 75 | 74 20 69 6d 70 6f 72 74 |small bu|t import| |00001e00| 61 6e 74 20 70 61 72 74 | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |ant part| of the | |00001e10| 4e 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c | 20 50 75 62 6c 69 63 20 |National| Public | |00001e20| 0d 4e 65 74 77 6f 72 6b | 2e 20 20 0d 0d 0d 0d 56 |.Network|. ....V| |00001e30| 49 53 49 4f 4e 53 0d 0d | 09 41 74 20 69 74 73 20 |ISIONS..|.At its | |00001e40| 62 65 73 74 2c 20 74 68 | 65 20 4e 61 74 69 6f 6e |best, th|e Nation| |00001e50| 61 6c 20 50 75 62 6c 69 | 63 20 4e 65 74 77 6f 72 |al Publi|c Networ| |00001e60| 6b 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 | 62 65 20 74 68 65 20 73 |k would |be the s| |00001e70| 6f 75 72 63 65 20 6f 66 | 20 69 6d 6d 65 6e 73 65 |ource of| immense| |00001e80| 20 73 6f 63 69 61 6c 20 | 62 65 6e 65 66 69 74 73 | social |benefits| |00001e90| 2e 20 41 73 20 61 20 0d | 6d 65 61 6e 73 20 6f 66 |. As a .|means of| |00001ea0| 20 69 6e 63 72 65 61 73 | 69 6e 67 20 73 6f 63 69 | increas|ing soci| |00001eb0| 61 6c 20 63 6f 68 65 73 | 69 76 65 6e 65 73 73 2c |al cohes|iveness,| |00001ec0| 20 77 68 69 6c 65 20 72 | 65 74 61 69 6e 69 6e 67 | while r|etaining| |00001ed0| 20 74 68 65 20 64 69 76 | 65 72 73 69 74 79 20 74 | the div|ersity t| |00001ee0| 68 61 74 20 69 73 20 61 | 6e 20 41 6d 65 72 69 63 |hat is a|n Americ| |00001ef0| 61 6e 20 73 74 72 65 6e | 67 74 68 2c 20 74 68 65 |an stren|gth, the| |00001f00| 20 0d 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 | 6b 20 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 | .networ|k could | |00001f10| 68 65 6c 70 20 72 65 76 | 69 74 61 6c 69 7a 65 20 |help rev|italize | |00001f20| 74 68 69 73 20 63 6f 75 | 6e 74 72 79 27 73 20 62 |this cou|ntry's b| |00001f30| 75 73 69 6e 65 73 73 20 | 61 6e 64 20 63 75 6c 74 |usiness |and cult| |00001f40| 75 72 65 2e 20 20 41 73 | 20 53 65 6e 61 74 6f 72 |ure. As| Senator| |00001f50| 20 47 6f 72 65 20 68 61 | 73 20 73 61 69 64 2c 20 | Gore ha|s said, | |00001f60| 74 68 65 20 6e 65 77 20 | 0d 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 |the new |.nationa| |00001f70| 6c 20 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 | 6b 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 |l networ|k that i| |00001f80| 73 20 65 6d 65 72 67 69 | 6e 67 20 69 73 20 6f 6e |s emergi|ng is on| |00001f90| 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 22 73 6d 6f 6b 65 73 |e of the| "smokes| |00001fa0| 74 61 63 6b 20 69 6e 64 | 75 73 74 72 69 65 73 20 |tack ind|ustries | |00001fb0| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 69 | 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 |of the i|nformati| |00001fc0| 6f 6e 20 61 67 65 2e 22 | 37 20 20 49 74 20 77 69 |on age."|7 It wi| |00001fd0| 6c 6c 20 0d 69 6e 63 72 | 65 61 73 65 20 74 68 65 |ll .incr|ease the| |00001fe0| 20 61 6d 6f 75 6e 74 20 | 6f 66 20 69 6e 64 69 76 | amount |of indiv| |00001ff0| 69 64 75 61 6c 20 70 61 | 72 74 69 63 69 70 61 74 |idual pa|rticipat| |00002000| 69 6f 6e 20 69 6e 20 63 | 6f 6d 6d 6f 6e 20 65 6e |ion in c|ommon en| |00002010| 74 65 72 70 72 69 73 65 | 20 61 6e 64 20 70 6f 6c |terprise| and pol| |00002020| 69 74 69 63 73 2e 20 49 | 74 20 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 |itics. I|t could | |00002030| 61 6c 73 6f 20 67 61 6c | 76 61 6e 69 7a 65 20 0d |also gal|vanize .| |00002040| 61 20 6e 65 77 20 73 65 | 74 20 6f 66 20 72 65 6c |a new se|t of rel| |00002050| 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 68 69 | 70 73 2d 2d 20 62 75 73 |ationshi|ps-- bus| |00002060| 69 6e 65 73 73 20 61 6e | 64 20 70 65 72 73 6f 6e |iness an|d person| |00002070| 61 6c 2d 2d 20 62 65 74 | 77 65 65 6e 20 41 6d 65 |al-- bet|ween Ame| |00002080| 72 69 63 61 6e 73 20 61 | 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 72 |ricans a|nd the r| |00002090| 65 73 74 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 65 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 |est of t|he world| |000020a0| 2e 0d 0d 09 54 68 65 20 | 6e 61 6d 65 73 20 61 6e |....The |names an| |000020b0| 64 20 70 61 72 74 69 63 | 75 6c 61 72 20 76 69 73 |d partic|ular vis| |000020c0| 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 | 74 68 65 20 65 6d 65 72 |ions of |the emer| |000020d0| 67 69 6e 67 20 69 6e 66 | 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e |ging inf|ormation| |000020e0| 20 69 6e 66 72 61 73 74 | 72 75 63 74 75 72 65 20 | infrast|ructure | |000020f0| 76 61 72 79 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 6f 6e 65 20 0d 6f |vary fro|m one .o| |00002100| 62 73 65 72 76 65 72 20 | 74 6f 20 61 6e 6f 74 68 |bserver |to anoth| |00002110| 65 72 2e 38 20 20 53 65 | 6e 61 74 6f 72 20 47 6f |er.8 Se|nator Go| |00002120| 72 65 20 63 61 6c 6c 73 | 20 69 74 20 74 68 65 20 |re calls| it the | |00002130| 22 4e 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 | 6c 20 49 6e 66 6f 72 6d |"Nationa|l Inform| |00002140| 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 53 75 | 70 65 72 68 69 67 68 77 |ation Su|perhighw| |00002150| 61 79 2e 22 20 20 50 72 | 6f 66 2e 20 4d 69 63 68 |ay." Pr|of. Mich| |00002160| 61 65 6c 20 0d 44 65 72 | 74 6f 75 7a 6f 73 20 69 |ael .Der|touzos i| |00002170| 6d 61 67 69 6e 65 73 20 | 61 20 22 4e 61 74 69 6f |magines |a "Natio| |00002180| 6e 61 6c 20 49 6e 66 6f | 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 |nal Info|rmation | |00002190| 49 6e 66 72 61 73 74 72 | 75 63 74 75 72 65 20 5b |Infrastr|ucture [| |000021a0| 74 68 61 74 5d 20 77 6f | 75 6c 64 20 62 65 20 61 |that] wo|uld be a| |000021b0| 20 63 6f 6d 6d 6f 6e 20 | 72 65 73 6f 75 72 63 65 | common |resource| |000021c0| 20 6f 66 20 0d 63 6f 6d | 70 75 74 65 72 2d 63 6f | of .com|puter-co| |000021d0| 6d 6d 75 6e 69 63 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 73 20 73 65 72 |mmunicat|ions ser| |000021e0| 76 69 63 65 73 2c 20 61 | 73 20 65 61 73 79 20 74 |vices, a|s easy t| |000021f0| 6f 20 75 73 65 20 61 6e | 64 20 61 73 20 69 6d 70 |o use an|d as imp| |00002200| 6f 72 74 61 6e 74 20 61 | 73 20 74 68 65 20 74 65 |ortant a|s the te| |00002210| 6c 65 70 68 6f 6e 65 20 | 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 6b 2c |lephone |network,| |00002220| 20 74 68 65 20 65 6c 65 | 63 74 72 69 63 20 0d 70 | the ele|ctric .p| |00002230| 6f 77 65 72 20 67 72 69 | 64 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 74 |ower gri|d, and t| |00002240| 68 65 20 69 6e 74 65 72 | 73 74 61 74 65 20 68 69 |he inter|state hi| |00002250| 67 68 77 61 79 73 2e 22 | 39 20 20 57 65 20 63 61 |ghways."|9 We ca| |00002260| 6c 6c 20 69 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 4e 61 74 69 6f 6e |ll it th|e Nation| |00002270| 61 6c 20 50 75 62 6c 69 | 63 20 4e 65 74 77 6f 72 |al Publi|c Networ| |00002280| 6b 20 28 4e 50 4e 29 2c | 20 69 6e 20 72 65 63 6f |k (NPN),| in reco| |00002290| 67 6e 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 0d 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |gnition |.of the | |000022a0| 76 69 74 61 6c 20 72 6f | 6c 65 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 |vital ro|le infor| |000022b0| 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 | 65 63 68 6e 6f 6c 6f 67 |mation t|echnolog| |000022c0| 79 20 68 61 73 20 63 6f | 6d 65 20 74 6f 20 70 6c |y has co|me to pl| |000022d0| 61 79 20 69 6e 20 70 75 | 62 6c 69 63 20 6c 69 66 |ay in pu|blic lif| |000022e0| 65 20 61 6e 64 20 61 6c | 6c 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 |e and al|l that i| |000022f0| 74 20 68 61 73 20 74 6f | 20 6f 66 66 65 72 2c 20 |t has to| offer, | |00002300| 69 66 20 0d 64 65 73 69 | 67 6e 65 64 20 77 69 74 |if .desi|gned wit| |00002310| 68 20 74 68 65 20 70 75 | 62 6c 69 63 20 67 6f 6f |h the pu|blic goo| |00002320| 64 20 69 6e 20 6d 69 6e | 64 2e 0d 0d 09 54 6f 20 |d in min|d....To | |00002330| 77 68 61 74 20 65 6e 64 | 73 20 63 61 6e 20 77 65 |what end|s can we| |00002340| 20 72 65 61 73 6f 6e 61 | 62 6c 79 20 65 78 70 65 | reasona|bly expe| |00002350| 63 74 20 70 65 6f 70 6c | 65 20 74 6f 20 75 73 65 |ct peopl|e to use| |00002360| 20 61 20 4e 61 74 69 6f | 6e 61 6c 20 50 75 62 6c | a Natio|nal Publ| |00002370| 69 63 20 4e 65 74 77 6f | 72 6b 3f 20 57 65 20 64 |ic Netwo|rk? We d| |00002380| 6f 6e 27 74 20 0d 6b 6e | 6f 77 2e 20 49 6e 64 65 |on't .kn|ow. Inde| |00002390| 65 64 2c 20 77 65 20 70 | 72 6f 62 61 62 6c 79 20 |ed, we p|robably | |000023a0| 63 61 6e 27 74 20 6b 6e | 6f 77 2d 2d 74 68 65 20 |can't kn|ow--the | |000023b0| 75 73 65 72 73 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 74 |users of| the net| |000023c0| 77 6f 72 6b 20 77 69 6c | 6c 20 73 75 72 70 72 69 |work wil|l surpri| |000023d0| 73 65 20 75 73 2e 20 54 | 68 61 74 27 73 20 65 78 |se us. T|hat's ex| |000023e0| 61 63 74 6c 79 20 77 68 | 61 74 20 0d 68 61 70 70 |actly wh|at .happ| |000023f0| 65 6e 65 64 20 69 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 65 61 72 6c |ened in |the earl| |00002400| 79 20 64 61 79 73 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 20 70 65 |y days o|f the pe| |00002410| 72 73 6f 6e 61 6c 20 63 | 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 20 |rsonal c|omputer | |00002420| 69 6e 64 75 73 74 72 79 | 2c 20 77 68 65 6e 20 74 |industry|, when t| |00002430| 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 74 | 20 73 70 72 65 61 64 73 |he first| spreads| |00002440| 68 65 65 74 20 70 72 6f | 67 72 61 6d 2c 20 0d 56 |heet pro|gram, .V| |00002450| 69 73 69 43 61 6c 63 2c | 20 73 70 75 72 72 65 64 |isiCalc,| spurred| |00002460| 20 73 61 6c 65 73 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 20 41 70 | sales o|f the Ap| |00002470| 70 6c 65 20 49 49 20 63 | 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 2e |ple II c|omputer.| |00002480| 20 41 70 70 6c 65 20 66 | 6f 75 6e 64 65 72 73 20 | Apple f|ounders | |00002490| 53 74 65 76 65 20 4a 6f | 62 73 20 61 6e 64 20 53 |Steve Jo|bs and S| |000024a0| 74 65 76 65 20 57 6f 7a | 6e 69 61 6b 20 64 69 64 |teve Woz|niak did| |000024b0| 20 6e 6f 74 20 0d 64 65 | 73 69 67 6e 20 74 68 65 | not .de|sign the| |000024c0| 20 73 70 72 65 61 64 73 | 68 65 65 74 3b 20 74 68 | spreads|heet; th| |000024d0| 65 79 20 64 69 64 20 6e | 6f 74 20 65 76 65 6e 20 |ey did n|ot even | |000024e0| 63 6f 6e 63 65 69 76 65 | 20 6f 66 20 69 74 2e 20 |conceive| of it. | |000024f0| 54 68 65 79 20 63 72 65 | 61 74 65 64 20 61 20 70 |They cre|ated a p| |00002500| 6c 61 74 66 6f 72 6d 20 | 77 68 69 63 68 20 61 6c |latform |which al| |00002510| 6c 6f 77 65 64 20 73 6f | 6d 65 6f 6e 65 20 0d 65 |lowed so|meone .e| |00002520| 6c 73 65 20 74 6f 20 62 | 72 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 |lse to b|ring the| |00002530| 20 73 70 72 65 61 64 73 | 68 65 65 74 20 69 6e 74 | spreads|heet int| |00002540| 6f 20 62 65 69 6e 67 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 61 6c 6c |o being,| and all| |00002550| 20 74 68 65 20 70 61 72 | 74 69 65 73 20 70 72 6f | the par|ties pro| |00002560| 66 69 74 65 64 20 61 73 | 20 61 20 72 65 73 75 6c |fited as| a resul| |00002570| 74 2c 20 69 6e 63 6c 75 | 64 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 |t, inclu|ding the| |00002580| 20 75 73 65 72 73 2e 0d | 0d 09 42 61 73 65 64 20 | users..|..Based | |00002590| 6f 6e 20 74 6f 64 61 79 | 27 73 20 73 79 73 74 65 |on today|'s syste| |000025a0| 6d 73 2c 20 68 6f 77 65 | 76 65 72 2c 20 77 65 20 |ms, howe|ver, we | |000025b0| 63 61 6e 20 6d 61 6b 65 | 20 61 20 66 65 77 20 65 |can make| a few e| |000025c0| 64 75 63 61 74 65 64 20 | 67 75 65 73 73 65 73 20 |ducated |guesses | |000025d0| 61 62 6f 75 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 4e 61 74 69 6f 6e |about th|e Nation| |000025e0| 61 6c 20 0d 50 75 62 6c | 69 63 20 4e 65 74 77 6f |al .Publ|ic Netwo| |000025f0| 72 6b 2e 20 57 65 20 6b | 6e 6f 77 20 74 68 61 74 |rk. We k|now that| |00002600| 2c 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 74 | 68 65 20 74 65 6c 65 70 |, like t|he telep| |00002610| 68 6f 6e 65 2c 20 69 74 | 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 73 65 |hone, it| will se| |00002620| 72 76 65 20 62 6f 74 68 | 20 62 75 73 69 6e 65 73 |rve both| busines| |00002630| 73 20 61 6e 64 20 72 65 | 63 72 65 61 74 69 6f 6e |s and re|creation| |00002640| 20 6e 65 65 64 73 2c 20 | 61 73 20 0d 77 65 6c 6c | needs, |as .well| |00002650| 20 61 73 20 6f 66 66 65 | 72 69 6e 67 20 63 72 75 | as offe|ring cru| |00002660| 63 69 61 6c 20 63 6f 6d | 6d 75 6e 69 74 79 20 73 |cial com|munity s| |00002670| 65 72 76 69 63 65 73 2e | 20 4d 65 73 73 61 67 69 |ervices.| Messagi| |00002680| 6e 67 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 | 62 65 20 70 6f 70 75 6c |ng will |be popul| |00002690| 61 72 3a 20 74 69 6d 65 | 20 61 6e 64 20 74 69 6d |ar: time| and tim| |000026a0| 65 20 61 67 61 69 6e 2c | 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 |e again,| from th| |000026b0| 65 20 0d 41 52 50 41 4e | 45 54 20 74 6f 20 50 72 |e .ARPAN|ET to Pr| |000026c0| 6f 64 69 67 79 2c 20 70 | 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 68 61 |odigy, p|eople ha| |000026d0| 76 65 20 73 75 72 70 72 | 69 73 65 64 20 6e 65 74 |ve surpr|ised net| |000026e0| 77 6f 72 6b 20 70 6c 61 | 6e 6e 65 72 73 20 77 69 |work pla|nners wi| |000026f0| 74 68 20 74 68 65 69 72 | 20 65 61 67 65 72 6e 65 |th their| eagerne| |00002700| 73 73 20 74 6f 20 65 78 | 63 68 61 6e 67 65 20 6d |ss to ex|change m| |00002710| 61 69 6c 2e 20 0d 22 4d | 61 69 6c 22 20 77 69 6c |ail. ."M|ail" wil| |00002720| 6c 20 6e 6f 74 20 6a 75 | 73 74 20 6d 65 61 6e 20 |l not ju|st mean | |00002730| 76 6f 69 63 65 20 61 6e | 64 20 74 65 78 74 2c 20 |voice an|d text, | |00002740| 62 75 74 20 61 6c 73 6f | 20 70 69 63 74 75 72 65 |but also| picture| |00002750| 73 20 61 6e 64 20 76 69 | 64 65 6f 2d 2d 6e 6f 20 |s and vi|deo--no | |00002760| 64 6f 75 62 74 20 77 69 | 74 68 20 6d 61 6e 79 20 |doubt wi|th many | |00002770| 6e 65 77 20 76 61 72 69 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 2e 20 |new vari|ations. | |00002780| 0d 4f 6e 65 20 6d 69 67 | 68 74 20 69 6d 61 67 69 |.One mig|ht imagi| |00002790| 6e 65 20 74 77 6f 20 70 | 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 70 6f |ne two p|eople po| |000027a0| 72 69 6e 67 20 6f 76 65 | 72 20 61 20 6d 61 6e 75 |ring ove|r a manu| |000027b0| 73 63 72 69 70 74 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 6f 70 70 6f |script f|rom oppo| |000027c0| 73 69 74 65 20 65 6e 64 | 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 |site end|s of the| |000027d0| 20 63 6f 75 6e 74 72 79 | 2c 20 6d 61 72 6b 69 6e | country|, markin| |000027e0| 67 20 69 74 20 0d 75 70 | 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 74 61 |g it .up| simulta| |000027f0| 6e 65 6f 75 73 6c 79 20 | 61 6e 64 20 73 65 65 69 |neously |and seei| |00002800| 6e 67 20 65 61 63 68 20 | 6f 74 68 65 72 73 27 20 |ng each |others' | |00002810| 6d 61 72 6b 69 6e 67 73 | 20 61 70 70 65 61 72 20 |markings| appear | |00002820| 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 73 | 63 72 65 65 6e 2e 20 20 |on the s|creen. | |00002830| 0d 0d 09 57 65 20 6b 6e | 6f 77 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 |...We kn|ow from | |00002840| 70 61 73 74 20 64 65 6d | 61 6e 64 20 6f 6e 20 74 |past dem|and on t| |00002850| 68 65 20 49 6e 74 65 72 | 6e 65 74 20 61 6e 64 20 |he Inter|net and | |00002860| 63 6f 6d 6d 65 72 63 69 | 61 6c 20 70 65 72 73 6f |commerci|al perso| |00002870| 6e 61 6c 20 63 6f 6d 70 | 75 74 65 72 20 6e 65 74 |nal comp|uter net| |00002880| 77 6f 72 6b 73 20 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 0d 74 68 65 |works t|hat .the| |00002890| 20 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 6b | 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 | network| will be| |000028a0| 20 75 73 65 64 20 66 6f | 72 20 65 6c 65 63 74 72 | used fo|r electr| |000028b0| 6f 6e 69 63 20 61 73 73 | 65 6d 62 6c 79 2d 2d 76 |onic ass|embly--v| |000028c0| 69 72 74 75 61 6c 20 74 | 6f 77 6e 20 68 61 6c 6c |irtual t|own hall| |000028d0| 73 2c 20 76 69 6c 6c 61 | 67 65 20 67 72 65 65 6e |s, villa|ge green| |000028e0| 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 63 | 6f 66 66 65 65 20 68 6f |s, and c|offee ho| |000028f0| 75 73 65 73 2c 20 0d 61 | 67 61 69 6e 20 74 61 6b |uses, .a|gain tak| |00002900| 69 6e 67 20 70 6c 61 63 | 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 6a 75 |ing plac|e not ju| |00002910| 73 74 20 74 68 72 6f 75 | 67 68 20 73 68 61 72 65 |st throu|gh share| |00002920| 64 20 74 65 78 74 20 28 | 61 73 20 69 6e 20 74 6f |d text (|as in to| |00002930| 64 61 79 27 73 20 63 6f | 6d 70 75 74 65 72 20 6e |day's co|mputer n| |00002940| 65 74 77 6f 72 6b 73 29 | 2c 20 62 75 74 20 77 69 |etworks)|, but wi| |00002950| 74 68 20 6d 75 6c 74 69 | 6d 65 64 69 61 20 0d 74 |th multi|media .t| |00002960| 72 61 6e 73 6d 69 73 73 | 69 6f 6e 73 2c 20 69 6e |ransmiss|ions, in| |00002970| 63 6c 75 64 69 6e 67 20 | 69 6d 61 67 65 73 2c 20 |cluding |images, | |00002980| 76 6f 69 63 65 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 76 69 64 65 6f |voice, a|nd video| |00002990| 2e 20 55 6e 6c 69 6b 65 | 20 74 68 65 20 74 65 6c |. Unlike| the tel| |000029a0| 65 70 68 6f 6e 65 2c 20 | 74 68 69 73 20 6e 65 74 |ephone, |this net| |000029b0| 77 6f 72 6b 20 77 69 6c | 6c 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 62 |work wil|l also b| |000029c0| 65 20 61 20 0d 70 75 62 | 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e |e a .pub|lication| |000029d0| 73 20 6d 65 64 69 75 6d | 2c 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 |s medium|, distri| |000029e0| 62 75 74 69 6e 67 20 65 | 6c 65 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 |buting e|lectroni| |000029f0| 63 20 6e 65 77 73 6c 65 | 74 74 65 72 73 2c 20 76 |c newsle|tters, v| |00002a00| 69 64 65 6f 20 63 6c 69 | 70 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 |ideo cli|ps, and | |00002a10| 69 6e 74 65 72 70 72 65 | 74 65 64 20 72 65 70 6f |interpre|ted repo| |00002a20| 72 74 73 2e 31 30 0d 0d | 09 57 65 20 63 61 6e 20 |rts.10..|.We can | |00002a30| 73 70 65 63 75 6c 61 74 | 65 20 62 75 74 20 63 61 |speculat|e but ca| |00002a40| 6e 6e 6f 74 20 62 65 20 | 73 75 72 65 20 61 62 6f |nnot be |sure abo| |00002a50| 75 74 20 6e 6f 76 65 6c | 20 75 73 65 73 20 6f 66 |ut novel| uses of| |00002a60| 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 74 | 77 6f 72 6b 2e 20 20 41 | the net|work. A| |00002a70| 6e 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 0d 6d |n inform|ation .m| |00002a80| 61 72 6b 65 74 70 6c 61 | 63 65 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 |arketpla|ce will | |00002a90| 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 20 | 65 6c 65 63 74 72 6f 6e |include |electron| |00002aa0| 69 63 20 69 6e 76 6f 69 | 63 69 6e 67 2c 20 62 69 |ic invoi|cing, bi| |00002ab0| 6c 6c 69 6e 67 2c 20 6c | 69 73 74 69 6e 67 2c 20 |lling, l|isting, | |00002ac0| 62 72 6f 6b 65 72 69 6e | 67 2c 20 61 64 76 65 72 |brokerin|g, adver| |00002ad0| 74 69 73 69 6e 67 2c 20 | 63 6f 6d 70 61 72 69 73 |tising, |comparis| |00002ae0| 6f 6e 2d 0d 73 68 6f 70 | 70 69 6e 67 2c 20 61 6e |on-.shop|ping, an| |00002af0| 64 20 6d 61 74 63 68 6d | 61 6b 69 6e 67 20 6f 66 |d matchm|aking of| |00002b00| 20 76 61 72 69 6f 75 73 | 20 6b 69 6e 64 73 2e 20 | various| kinds. | |00002b10| 22 56 69 64 65 6f 20 6f | 6e 20 64 65 6d 61 6e 64 |"Video o|n demand| |00002b20| 22 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 6e | 6f 74 20 6a 75 73 74 20 |" will n|ot just | |00002b30| 6d 65 61 6e 20 6f 72 64 | 65 72 69 6e 67 20 63 75 |mean ord|ering cu| |00002b40| 72 72 65 6e 74 20 0d 6d | 6f 76 69 65 73 2c 20 61 |rrent .m|ovies, a| |00002b50| 73 20 69 66 20 74 68 65 | 79 20 77 65 72 65 20 73 |s if the|y were s| |00002b60| 70 6f 6f 6c 69 6e 67 20 | 64 6f 77 6e 20 66 72 6f |pooling |down fro| |00002b70| 6d 20 74 68 65 20 6c 6f | 63 61 6c 20 76 69 64 65 |m the lo|cal vide| |00002b80| 6f 74 61 70 65 20 73 74 | 6f 72 65 2c 20 62 75 74 |otape st|ore, but| |00002b90| 20 6f 70 65 6e 69 6e 67 | 20 66 6c 6f 6f 64 67 61 | opening| floodga| |00002ba0| 74 65 73 20 74 6f 20 76 | 61 73 74 20 6e 65 77 20 |tes to v|ast new | |00002bb0| 0d 61 6d 6f 75 6e 74 73 | 20 6f 66 20 69 6e 64 65 |.amounts| of inde| |00002bc0| 70 65 6e 64 65 6e 74 20 | 77 6f 72 6b 2c 20 77 69 |pendent |work, wi| |00002bd0| 74 68 20 68 69 67 68 20 | 71 75 61 6c 69 74 79 20 |th high |quality | |00002be0| 74 68 61 6e 6b 73 20 74 | 6f 20 70 6c 75 6d 6d 65 |thanks t|o plumme| |00002bf0| 74 69 6e 67 20 70 72 69 | 63 65 73 20 6f 66 20 70 |ting pri|ces of p| |00002c00| 72 6f 66 65 73 73 69 6f | 6e 61 6c 2d 71 75 61 6c |rofessio|nal-qual| |00002c10| 69 74 79 20 0d 64 65 73 | 6b 74 6f 70 20 76 69 64 |ity .des|ktop vid| |00002c20| 65 6f 20 65 64 69 74 6f | 72 73 2e 20 43 75 73 74 |eo edito|rs. Cust| |00002c30| 6f 6d 65 72 73 20 77 69 | 6c 6c 20 67 72 6f 77 20 |omers wi|ll grow | |00002c40| 75 73 65 64 20 74 6f 20 | 64 69 61 6c 69 6e 67 20 |used to |dialing | |00002c50| 75 70 20 74 77 6f 2d 6d | 69 6e 75 74 65 20 64 65 |up two-m|inute de| |00002c60| 6d 6f 73 20 6f 66 20 68 | 6f 6d 65 6d 61 64 65 20 |mos of h|omemade | |00002c70| 76 69 64 65 6f 73 20 0d | 62 65 66 6f 72 65 20 6f |videos .|before o| |00002c80| 72 64 65 72 69 6e 67 20 | 74 68 65 20 66 75 6c 6c |rdering |the full| |00002c90| 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d | 20 61 6e 64 20 73 74 6f | program| and sto| |00002ca0| 72 69 6e 67 20 69 74 20 | 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 69 72 |ring it |on their| |00002cb0| 20 6f 77 6e 20 62 6c 61 | 6e 6b 20 74 61 70 65 2e | own bla|nk tape.| |00002cc0| 0d 0d 09 54 68 65 72 65 | 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 |...There| will be| |00002cd0| 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 69 | 6d 70 6f 72 74 61 6e 74 | other i|mportant| |00002ce0| 20 75 73 65 73 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 74 | uses of| the net| |00002cf0| 77 6f 72 6b 20 61 73 20 | 61 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 |work as |a simula| |00002d00| 74 69 6f 6e 20 6d 65 64 | 69 75 6d 20 66 6f 72 20 |tion med|ium for | |00002d10| 65 78 70 65 72 69 65 6e | 63 65 73 20 77 68 69 63 |experien|ces whic| |00002d20| 68 20 0d 61 72 65 20 69 | 6d 70 6f 73 73 69 62 6c |h .are i|mpossibl| |00002d30| 65 20 74 6f 20 6f 62 74 | 61 69 6e 20 69 6e 20 74 |e to obt|ain in t| |00002d40| 68 65 20 6d 75 6e 64 61 | 6e 65 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 |he munda|ne world| |00002d50| 2e 20 20 49 66 20 73 63 | 69 65 6e 74 69 73 74 73 |. If sc|ientists| |00002d60| 20 77 61 6e 74 20 74 6f | 20 65 78 70 6c 6f 72 65 | want to| explore| |00002d70| 20 74 68 65 20 73 75 72 | 66 61 63 65 20 6f 66 20 | the sur|face of | |00002d80| 61 20 6d 6f 6c 65 63 75 | 6c 65 2c 20 20 0d 74 68 |a molecu|le, .th| |00002d90| 65 79 27 6c 6c 20 64 6f | 20 69 74 20 69 6e 20 73 |ey'll do| it in s| |00002da0| 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 65 64 | 20 66 6f 72 6d 2c 20 75 |imulated| form, u| |00002db0| 73 69 6e 67 20 77 72 61 | 70 2d 61 72 6f 75 6e 64 |sing wra|p-around| |00002dc0| 20 74 68 72 65 65 2d 64 | 69 6d 65 6e 73 69 6f 6e | three-d|imension| |00002dd0| 61 6c 20 61 6e 69 6d 61 | 74 65 64 20 67 72 61 70 |al anima|ted grap| |00002de0| 68 69 63 73 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 63 72 65 61 74 65 |hics tha|t create| |00002df0| 20 61 20 0d 63 6f 6e 76 | 69 6e 63 69 6e 67 20 69 | a .conv|incing i| |00002e00| 6c 6c 75 73 69 6f 6e 20 | 6f 66 20 62 65 69 6e 67 |llusion |of being| |00002e10| 20 69 6e 20 61 20 70 68 | 79 73 69 63 61 6c 20 70 | in a ph|ysical p| |00002e20| 6c 61 63 65 2e 20 20 20 | 54 68 69 73 20 76 69 73 |lace. |This vis| |00002e30| 75 61 6c 69 7a 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 6f 62 |ualizati|on of ob| |00002e40| 6a 65 63 74 73 20 66 72 | 6f 6d 20 6d 6f 6c 65 63 |jects fr|om molec| |00002e50| 75 6c 65 73 20 74 6f 20 | 67 61 6c 61 78 69 65 73 |ules to |galaxies| |00002e60| 20 0d 69 73 20 61 6c 72 | 65 61 64 79 20 62 65 63 | .is alr|eady bec| |00002e70| 6f 6d 69 6e 67 20 61 6e | 20 65 78 74 72 61 6f 72 |oming an| extraor| |00002e80| 64 69 6e 61 72 69 6c 79 | 20 70 6f 77 65 72 66 75 |dinarily| powerfu| |00002e90| 6c 20 73 63 69 65 6e 74 | 69 66 69 63 20 74 6f 6f |l scient|ific too| |00002ea0| 6c 2e 20 20 4e 65 74 77 | 6f 72 6b 73 20 77 69 6c |l. Netw|orks wil| |00002eb0| 6c 20 61 6d 70 6c 69 66 | 79 20 74 68 69 73 20 70 |l amplif|y this p| |00002ec0| 6f 77 65 72 20 74 6f 20 | 74 68 65 20 0d 70 6f 69 |ower to |the .poi| |00002ed0| 6e 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 74 68 65 73 65 20 73 69 |nt that |these si| |00002ee0| 6d 75 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e | 20 74 6f 6f 6c 73 20 74 |mulation| tools t| |00002ef0| 61 6b 65 20 74 68 65 69 | 72 20 70 6c 61 63 65 20 |ake thei|r place | |00002f00| 61 73 20 66 75 6e 64 61 | 6d 65 6e 74 61 6c 20 73 |as funda|mental s| |00002f10| 63 69 65 6e 74 69 66 69 | 63 20 61 70 70 61 72 61 |cientifi|c appara| |00002f20| 74 75 73 20 61 6c 6f 6e | 67 73 69 64 65 20 0d 6d |tus alon|gside .m| |00002f30| 69 63 72 6f 73 63 6f 70 | 65 73 20 61 6e 64 20 74 |icroscop|es and t| |00002f40| 65 6c 65 73 63 6f 70 65 | 73 2e 20 20 4c 65 73 73 |elescope|s. Less| |00002f50| 20 65 78 6f 74 69 63 61 | 6c 6c 79 2c 20 61 20 63 | exotica|lly, a c| |00002f60| 6f 6e 73 75 6d 65 72 20 | 6f 72 20 73 74 75 64 65 |onsumer |or stude| |00002f70| 6e 74 20 6d 69 67 68 74 | 20 77 61 6c 6b 20 61 72 |nt might| walk ar| |00002f80| 6f 75 6e 64 20 74 68 65 | 20 69 6e 73 69 64 65 20 |ound the| inside | |00002f90| 6f 66 20 61 20 0d 77 6f | 72 6b 69 6e 67 20 69 6e |of a .wo|rking in| |00002fa0| 74 65 72 6e 61 6c 20 63 | 6f 6d 62 75 73 74 69 6f |ternal c|ombustio| |00002fb0| 6e 20 65 6e 67 69 6e 65 | 2d 2d 77 69 74 68 6f 75 |n engine|--withou| |00002fc0| 74 20 67 65 74 74 69 6e | 67 20 62 75 72 6e 65 64 |t gettin|g burned| |00002fd0| 2e 0d 0d 09 50 65 72 68 | 61 70 73 20 74 68 65 20 |....Perh|aps the | |00002fe0| 6d 6f 73 74 20 73 69 67 | 6e 69 66 69 63 61 6e 74 |most sig|nificant| |00002ff0| 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 4e 61 74 69 | change |the Nati| |00003000| 6f 6e 61 6c 20 50 75 62 | 6c 69 63 20 4e 65 74 77 |onal Pub|lic Netw| |00003010| 6f 72 6b 20 77 69 6c 6c | 20 61 66 66 6f 72 64 20 |ork will| afford | |00003020| 75 73 20 69 73 20 61 20 | 6e 65 77 20 6d 6f 64 65 |us is a |new mode| |00003030| 20 6f 66 20 0d 62 75 69 | 6c 64 69 6e 67 20 63 6f | of .bui|lding co| |00003040| 6d 6d 75 6e 69 74 69 65 | 73 2d 2d 61 73 20 64 69 |mmunitie|s--as di| |00003050| 64 20 74 68 65 20 74 65 | 6c 65 70 68 6f 6e 65 2c |d the te|lephone,| |00003060| 20 72 61 64 69 6f 2c 20 | 61 6e 64 20 74 65 6c 65 | radio, |and tele| |00003070| 76 69 73 69 6f 6e 2e 20 | 20 50 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 |vision. | People | |00003080| 6f 66 74 65 6e 20 74 68 | 69 6e 6b 20 6f 66 20 65 |often th|ink of e| |00003090| 6c 65 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 | 63 20 0d 22 63 6f 6d 6d |lectroni|c ."comm| |000030a0| 75 6e 69 74 69 65 73 22 | 20 61 73 20 66 61 72 2d |unities"| as far-| |000030b0| 66 6c 75 6e 67 20 63 6f | 6d 6d 75 6e 69 74 69 65 |flung co|mmunitie| |000030c0| 73 20 6f 66 20 69 6e 74 | 65 72 65 73 74 20 62 65 |s of int|erest be| |000030d0| 74 77 65 65 6e 20 66 6f | 6c 6c 6f 77 65 72 73 20 |tween fo|llowers | |000030e0| 6f 66 20 61 20 70 61 72 | 74 69 63 75 6c 61 72 20 |of a par|ticular | |000030f0| 64 69 73 63 69 70 6c 69 | 6e 65 2e 20 42 75 74 20 |discipli|ne. But | |00003100| 77 65 20 0d 61 72 65 20 | 6c 65 61 72 6e 69 6e 67 |we .are |learning| |00003110| 2c 20 74 68 72 6f 75 67 | 68 20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c |, throug|h exampl| |00003120| 65 73 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 50 45 4e 20 |es like |the PEN | |00003130| 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 69 | 6e 20 53 61 6e 74 61 20 |system i|n Santa | |00003140| 4d 6f 6e 69 63 61 20 61 | 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 4f |Monica a|nd the O| |00003150| 6c 64 20 43 6f 6c 6f 72 | 61 64 6f 20 43 69 74 79 |ld Color|ado City| |00003160| 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 | 69 6e 20 0d 43 6f 6c 6f | system |in .Colo| |00003170| 72 61 64 6f 20 53 70 72 | 69 6e 67 73 2c 20 74 68 |rado Spr|ings, th| |00003180| 61 74 20 64 69 67 69 74 | 61 6c 20 6d 65 64 69 61 |at digit|al media| |00003190| 20 63 61 6e 20 73 65 72 | 76 65 20 61 73 20 61 20 | can ser|ve as a | |000031a0| 6c 6f 63 61 6c 20 6e 65 | 78 75 73 2c 20 61 6e 20 |local ne|xus, an | |000031b0| 65 76 61 6e 65 73 63 65 | 6e 74 20 6d 65 65 74 69 |evanesce|nt meeti| |000031c0| 6e 67 2d 67 72 6f 75 6e | 64 2c 20 74 68 61 74 20 |ng-groun|d, that | |000031d0| 61 64 64 73 20 0d 6c 65 | 76 65 6c 73 20 6f 66 20 |adds .le|vels of | |000031e0| 74 65 78 74 75 72 65 20 | 74 6f 20 72 65 6c 61 74 |texture |to relat| |000031f0| 69 6f 6e 73 68 69 70 73 | 20 62 65 74 77 65 65 6e |ionships| between| |00003200| 20 70 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 | 69 6e 20 61 20 70 61 72 | people |in a par| |00003210| 74 69 63 75 6c 61 72 20 | 6c 6f 63 61 6c 65 2e 20 |ticular |locale. | |00003220| 20 0d 0d 09 43 6f 6d 70 | 75 74 65 72 20 61 6e 64 | ...Comp|uter and| |00003230| 20 63 6f 6d 6d 75 6e 69 | 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 | communi|cations | |00003240| 74 65 63 68 6e 6f 6c 6f | 67 69 65 73 20 61 72 65 |technolo|gies are| |00003250| 20 74 72 61 6e 73 66 6f | 72 6d 69 6e 67 20 73 70 | transfo|rming sp| |00003260| 65 65 63 68 20 69 6e 74 | 6f 20 65 6c 65 63 74 72 |eech int|o electr| |00003270| 6f 6e 69 63 20 66 6f 72 | 6d 61 74 73 20 61 6e 64 |onic for|mats and| |00003280| 20 0d 73 68 69 66 74 69 | 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 6c | .shifti|ng the l| |00003290| 6f 63 75 73 20 6f 66 20 | 74 68 65 20 6d 61 72 6b |ocus of |the mark| |000032a0| 65 74 70 6c 61 63 65 20 | 6f 66 20 69 64 65 61 73 |etplace |of ideas| |000032b0| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 72 | 61 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 61 | from tr|aditiona| |000032c0| 6c 20 70 75 62 6c 69 63 | 20 70 6c 61 63 65 73 20 |l public| places | |000032d0| 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 6e | 65 77 20 65 6c 65 63 74 |to the n|ew elect| |000032e0| 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 70 75 | 62 6c 69 63 20 0d 66 6f |ronic pu|blic .fo| |000032f0| 72 75 6d 73 20 65 73 74 | 61 62 6c 69 73 68 65 64 |rums est|ablished| |00003300| 20 6f 76 65 72 20 74 65 | 6c 65 70 68 6f 6e 65 2c | over te|lephone,| |00003310| 20 63 61 62 6c 65 2c 20 | 61 6e 64 20 72 65 6c 61 | cable, |and rela| |00003320| 74 65 64 20 65 6c 65 63 | 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 63 |ted elec|tronic c| |00003330| 6f 6d 6d 75 6e 69 63 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 6e 65 |ommunica|tions ne| |00003340| 74 77 6f 72 6b 73 2e 20 | 20 54 6f 20 62 6f 74 68 |tworks. | To both| |00003350| 20 6c 6f 63 61 6c 20 0d | 61 6e 64 20 6c 6f 6e 67 | local .|and long| |00003360| 2d 64 69 73 74 61 6e 63 | 65 20 63 6f 6d 6d 75 6e |-distanc|e commun| |00003370| 69 74 69 65 73 2c 20 61 | 63 63 65 73 73 69 62 6c |ities, a|ccessibl| |00003380| 65 20 64 69 67 69 74 61 | 6c 20 63 6f 6d 6d 75 6e |e digita|l commun| |00003390| 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 | 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 |ications| will be| |000033a0| 20 69 6e 63 72 65 61 73 | 69 6e 67 6c 79 20 69 6d | increas|ingly im| |000033b0| 70 6f 72 74 61 6e 74 3b | 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 20 |portant;| by the | |000033c0| 0d 65 6e 64 20 6f 66 20 | 74 68 69 73 20 64 65 63 |.end of |this dec| |000033d0| 61 64 65 2c 20 74 68 65 | 20 22 62 6f 64 79 20 70 |ade, the| "body p| |000033e0| 6f 6c 69 74 69 63 2c 22 | 20 74 68 65 20 22 62 6f |olitic,"| the "bo| |000033f0| 64 79 20 73 6f 63 69 61 | 6c 2c 22 20 61 6e 64 20 |dy socia|l," and | |00003400| 74 68 65 20 22 62 6f 64 | 79 20 63 6f 6d 6d 65 72 |the "bod|y commer| |00003410| 63 69 61 6c 22 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 69 73 20 63 6f |cial" of| this co| |00003420| 75 6e 74 72 79 20 77 69 | 6c 6c 20 0d 64 65 70 65 |untry wi|ll .depe| |00003430| 6e 64 20 6f 6e 20 61 20 | 6e 65 72 76 6f 75 73 20 |nd on a |nervous | |00003440| 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 6f | 66 20 66 69 62 65 72 2d |system o|f fiber-| |00003450| 6f 70 74 69 63 20 6c 69 | 6e 65 73 20 61 6e 64 20 |optic li|nes and | |00003460| 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 72 | 20 73 77 69 74 63 68 65 |computer| switche| |00003470| 73 2e 20 0d 0d 09 42 75 | 74 20 77 68 61 74 65 76 |s. ...Bu|t whatev| |00003480| 65 72 20 64 65 74 61 69 | 6c 73 20 61 6e 64 20 6e |er detai|ls and n| |00003490| 61 6d 65 73 20 6f 6e 65 | 20 67 69 76 65 73 20 74 |ames one| gives t| |000034a0| 6f 20 74 68 65 20 76 69 | 73 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 |o the vi|sion of | |000034b0| 61 20 66 69 6e 61 6c 20 | 70 72 6f 64 75 63 74 2c |a final |product,| |000034c0| 20 61 20 6e 65 74 77 6f | 72 6b 20 74 68 61 74 20 | a netwo|rk that | |000034d0| 69 73 20 0d 72 65 73 70 | 6f 6e 73 69 76 65 20 74 |is .resp|onsive t| |000034e0| 6f 20 61 20 77 69 64 65 | 20 73 70 65 63 74 72 75 |o a wide| spectru| |000034f0| 6d 20 6f 66 20 68 75 6d | 61 6e 20 6e 65 65 64 73 |m of hum|an needs| |00003500| 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 6e 6f | 74 20 65 76 6f 6c 76 65 | will no|t evolve| |00003510| 20 62 79 20 64 65 66 61 | 75 6c 74 2e 20 20 4a 75 | by defa|ult. Ju| |00003520| 73 74 20 61 73 20 69 74 | 20 69 73 20 6e 65 63 65 |st as it| is nece| |00003530| 73 73 61 72 79 20 66 6f | 72 20 61 6e 20 0d 61 72 |ssary fo|r an .ar| |00003540| 63 68 69 74 65 63 74 20 | 74 6f 20 6b 6e 6f 77 20 |chitect |to know | |00003550| 68 6f 77 20 74 6f 20 6d | 61 6b 65 20 61 20 68 6f |how to m|ake a ho| |00003560| 6d 65 20 73 75 69 74 61 | 62 6c 65 20 66 6f 72 20 |me suita|ble for | |00003570| 68 75 6d 61 6e 20 68 61 | 62 69 74 61 74 69 6f 6e |human ha|bitation| |00003580| 2c 20 69 74 20 69 73 20 | 6e 65 63 65 73 73 61 72 |, it is |necessar| |00003590| 79 20 74 6f 20 63 6f 6e | 73 69 64 65 72 20 68 6f |y to con|sider ho| |000035a0| 77 20 0d 68 75 6d 61 6e | 73 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 61 |w .human|s will a| |000035b0| 63 74 75 61 6c 6c 79 20 | 75 73 65 20 74 68 65 20 |ctually |use the | |000035c0| 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 6b 20 | 69 6e 20 6f 72 64 65 72 |network |in order| |000035d0| 20 74 6f 20 64 65 73 69 | 67 6e 20 69 74 2e 0d 0d | to desi|gn it...| |000035e0| 09 49 6e 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 73 70 69 72 69 74 2c |.In that| spirit,| |000035f0| 20 77 65 20 6f 66 66 65 | 72 20 61 20 73 65 74 20 | we offe|r a set | |00003600| 6f 66 20 72 65 63 6f 6d | 6d 65 6e 64 61 74 69 6f |of recom|mendatio| |00003610| 6e 73 20 66 6f 72 20 74 | 68 65 20 65 76 6f 6c 75 |ns for t|he evolu| |00003620| 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 | 74 68 65 20 4e 61 74 69 |tion of |the Nati| |00003630| 6f 6e 61 6c 20 50 75 62 | 6c 69 63 20 4e 65 74 77 |onal Pub|lic Netw| |00003640| 6f 72 6b 2e 20 20 0d 49 | 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 65 |ork. .I| first e| |00003650| 6e 63 6f 75 6e 74 65 72 | 65 64 20 6d 61 6e 79 20 |ncounter|ed many | |00003660| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 66 | 75 6e 64 61 6d 65 6e 74 |of the f|undament| |00003670| 61 6c 20 69 64 65 61 73 | 20 75 6e 64 65 72 6c 79 |al ideas| underly| |00003680| 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 73 | 65 20 70 72 6f 70 6f 73 |ing thes|e propos| |00003690| 61 6c 73 20 69 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 |als in t|he compu| |000036a0| 74 65 72 20 0d 6e 65 74 | 77 6f 72 6b 69 6e 67 20 |ter .net|working | |000036b0| 63 6f 6d 6d 75 6e 69 74 | 79 2e 20 20 53 6f 6d 65 |communit|y. Some| |000036c0| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 73 | 65 20 72 65 63 6f 6d 6d | of thes|e recomm| |000036d0| 65 6e 64 61 74 69 6f 6e | 73 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |endation|s addres| |000036e0| 73 20 69 6d 6d 65 64 69 | 61 74 65 20 63 6f 6e 63 |s immedi|ate conc| |000036f0| 65 72 6e 73 3b 20 6f 74 | 68 65 72 73 20 61 72 65 |erns; ot|hers are| |00003700| 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 0d 6c | 6f 6e 67 2d 74 65 72 6d | more .l|ong-term| |00003710| 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 66 | 6f 63 75 73 20 69 73 20 |. The f|ocus is | |00003720| 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 72 | 6f 6c 65 20 6f 66 20 70 |on the r|ole of p| |00003730| 75 62 6c 69 63 20 61 63 | 63 65 73 73 20 61 6e 64 |ublic ac|cess and| |00003740| 20 63 6f 6d 6d 65 72 63 | 69 61 6c 20 65 78 70 65 | commerc|ial expe| |00003750| 72 69 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 | 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 4e |riments |in the N| |00003760| 52 45 4e 2c 20 77 68 69 | 63 68 20 0d 63 6f 6d 70 |REN, whi|ch .comp| |00003770| 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 69 | 74 73 20 72 65 73 65 61 |lement i|ts resea| |00003780| 72 63 68 20 61 6e 64 20 | 65 64 75 63 61 74 69 6f |rch and |educatio| |00003790| 6e 20 6d 69 73 73 69 6f | 6e 2e 20 20 20 54 68 65 |n missio|n. The| |000037a0| 20 72 65 63 6f 6d 6d 65 | 6e 64 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 | recomme|ndations| |000037b0| 20 61 72 65 20 6f 72 67 | 61 6e 69 7a 65 64 20 68 | are org|anized h| |000037c0| 65 72 65 20 61 63 63 6f | 72 64 69 6e 67 20 74 6f |ere acco|rding to| |000037d0| 20 0d 74 68 65 20 6d 61 | 69 6e 20 6e 65 65 64 73 | .the ma|in needs| |000037e0| 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 74 | 68 65 79 20 77 69 6c 6c | which t|hey will| |000037f0| 20 73 65 72 76 65 3a 20 | 66 69 72 73 74 2c 20 65 | serve: |first, e| |00003800| 6e 73 75 72 69 6e 67 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 |nsuring |that the| |00003810| 20 64 65 73 69 67 6e 20 | 61 6e 64 20 75 73 65 20 | design |and use | |00003820| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 6e | 65 74 77 6f 72 6b 20 72 |of the n|etwork r| |00003830| 65 6d 61 69 6e 73 20 6f | 70 65 6e 20 0d 74 6f 20 |emains o|pen .to | |00003840| 64 69 76 65 72 73 69 74 | 79 2c 20 20 73 65 63 6f |diversit|y, seco| |00003850| 6e 64 2c 20 73 61 66 65 | 67 75 61 72 64 69 6e 67 |nd, safe|guarding| |00003860| 20 74 68 65 20 66 72 65 | 65 64 6f 6d 20 6f 66 20 | the fre|edom of | |00003870| 75 73 65 72 73 2e 20 54 | 68 65 20 75 6c 74 69 6d |users. T|he ultim| |00003880| 61 74 65 20 67 6f 61 6c | 20 69 73 20 74 6f 20 64 |ate goal| is to d| |00003890| 65 76 65 6c 6f 70 20 61 | 20 68 61 62 69 74 61 62 |evelop a| habitab| |000038a0| 6c 65 2c 20 0d 75 73 61 | 62 6c 65 2c 20 61 6e 64 |le, .usa|ble, and| |000038b0| 20 73 75 73 74 61 69 6e | 61 62 6c 65 20 73 79 73 | sustain|able sys| |000038c0| 74 65 6d 2d 2d 61 20 6e | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 |tem--a n|ation of| |000038d0| 20 65 6c 65 63 74 72 6f | 6e 69 63 20 6e 65 69 67 | electro|nic neig| |000038e0| 68 62 6f 72 68 6f 6f 64 | 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 70 |hborhood|s that p| |000038f0| 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 77 69 | 6c 6c 20 66 65 65 6c 20 |eople wi|ll feel | |00003900| 63 6f 6d 66 6f 72 74 61 | 62 6c 65 20 0d 6c 69 76 |comforta|ble .liv| |00003910| 69 6e 67 20 77 69 74 68 | 69 6e 2e 20 0d 0d 0d 0d |ing with|in. ....| |00003920| 52 65 63 6f 6d 6d 65 6e | 64 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 0d |Recommen|dations.| |00003930| 0d 49 2e 20 45 6e 63 6f | 75 72 61 67 65 20 43 6f |.I. Enco|urage Co| |00003940| 6d 70 65 74 69 74 69 6f | 6e 20 41 6d 6f 6e 67 20 |mpetitio|n Among | |00003950| 43 61 72 72 69 65 72 73 | 0d 0d 49 6e 20 74 68 65 |Carriers|..In the| |00003960| 20 63 6f 6e 74 65 78 74 | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | context| of the | |00003970| 4e 52 45 4e 2c 20 61 63 | 74 20 6e 6f 77 20 74 6f |NREN, ac|t now to| |00003980| 20 63 72 65 61 74 65 20 | 61 20 6c 65 76 65 6c 20 | create |a level | |00003990| 61 6e 64 20 63 6f 6d 70 | 65 74 69 74 69 76 65 20 |and comp|etitive | |000039a0| 70 6c 61 79 69 6e 67 20 | 66 69 65 6c 64 20 66 6f |playing |field fo| |000039b0| 72 20 70 72 69 76 61 74 | 65 20 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 |r privat|e networ| |000039c0| 6b 20 0d 63 61 72 72 69 | 65 72 73 2c 20 28 77 68 |k .carri|ers, (wh| |000039d0| 65 74 68 65 72 20 66 6f | 72 2d 70 72 6f 66 69 74 |ether fo|r-profit| |000039e0| 20 6f 72 20 6e 6f 74 2d | 66 6f 72 2d 70 72 6f 66 | or not-|for-prof| |000039f0| 69 74 29 20 74 6f 20 63 | 6f 6d 70 65 74 65 2e 20 |it) to c|ompete. | |00003a00| 20 44 6f 20 6e 6f 74 20 | 67 69 76 65 20 61 20 6d | Do not |give a m| |00003a10| 6f 6e 6f 70 6f 6c 79 20 | 74 6f 20 61 6e 79 20 63 |onopoly |to any c| |00003a20| 61 72 72 69 65 72 2e 20 | 20 20 54 68 65 20 0d 67 |arrier. | The .g| |00003a30| 72 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 6e | 65 74 77 6f 72 6b 20 6d |rowing n|etwork m| |00003a40| 75 73 74 20 62 65 20 61 | 20 73 69 74 65 20 77 68 |ust be a| site wh| |00003a50| 65 72 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 | 65 74 69 74 69 76 65 20 |ere comp|etitive | |00003a60| 65 6e 65 72 67 79 20 70 | 72 6f 64 75 63 65 73 20 |energy p|roduces | |00003a70| 69 6e 6e 6f 76 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 66 6f 72 20 74 |innovati|on for t| |00003a80| 68 65 20 70 75 62 6c 69 | 63 20 62 65 6e 65 66 69 |he publi|c benefi| |00003a90| 74 2c 20 6e 6f 74 20 0d | 74 68 65 20 72 65 66 75 |t, not .|the refu| |00003aa0| 67 65 20 6f 66 20 6d 6f | 6e 6f 70 6f 6c 69 73 74 |ge of mo|nopolist| |00003ab0| 73 2e 20 0d 0d 09 54 68 | 65 20 70 6f 73 74 2d 64 |s. ...Th|e post-d| |00003ac0| 69 76 65 73 74 69 74 75 | 72 65 20 70 68 6f 6e 65 |ivestitu|re phone| |00003ad0| 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 | 6f 66 66 65 72 73 20 75 | system |offers u| |00003ae0| 73 20 61 20 76 61 6c 75 | 61 62 6c 65 20 6c 65 73 |s a valu|able les| |00003af0| 73 6f 6e 3a 20 61 20 74 | 65 6c 65 63 6f 6d 6d 75 |son: a t|elecommu| |00003b00| 6e 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e | 73 20 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 |nication|s networ| |00003b10| 6b 20 63 61 6e 20 0d 62 | 65 20 6d 61 6e 61 67 65 |k can .b|e manage| |00003b20| 64 20 65 66 66 65 63 74 | 69 76 65 6c 79 20 62 79 |d effect|ively by| |00003b30| 20 73 65 70 61 72 61 74 | 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 6e | separat|e compan| |00003b40| 69 65 73 20 2d 2d 65 76 | 65 6e 20 69 6e 63 6c 75 |ies --ev|en inclu| |00003b50| 64 69 6e 67 20 62 69 74 | 74 65 72 20 6f 70 70 6f |ding bit|ter oppo| |00003b60| 6e 65 6e 74 73 20 6c 69 | 6b 65 20 41 54 26 54 20 |nents li|ke AT&T | |00003b70| 61 6e 64 20 4d 43 49 2d | 2d 20 61 73 20 0d 6c 6f |and MCI-|- as .lo| |00003b80| 6e 67 20 61 73 20 74 68 | 65 79 20 63 61 6e 20 63 |ng as th|ey can c| |00003b90| 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 20 65 | 71 75 69 74 61 62 6c 79 |onnect e|quitably| |00003ba0| 20 61 6e 64 20 73 65 61 | 6d 6c 65 73 73 6c 79 20 | and sea|mlessly | |00003bb0| 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 | 20 75 73 65 72 27 73 20 |from the| user's | |00003bc0| 73 74 61 6e 64 70 6f 69 | 6e 74 2e 20 54 68 65 20 |standpoi|nt. The | |00003bd0| 64 65 72 65 67 75 6c 61 | 74 65 64 20 0d 74 65 6c |deregula|ted .tel| |00003be0| 65 63 6f 6d 6d 75 6e 69 | 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 |ecommuni|cations | |00003bf0| 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 6d | 61 79 20 6e 6f 74 20 77 |system m|ay not w| |00003c00| 6f 72 6b 20 70 65 72 66 | 65 63 74 6c 79 20 61 6e |ork perf|ectly an| |00003c10| 64 20 6d 61 79 20 70 72 | 6f 64 75 63 65 20 74 6f |d may pr|oduce to| |00003c20| 6f 20 6d 75 63 68 20 6c | 69 74 69 67 61 74 69 6f |o much l|itigatio| |00003c30| 6e 2c 20 62 75 74 20 69 | 74 20 64 6f 65 73 20 0d |n, but i|t does .| |00003c40| 77 6f 72 6b 2e 20 57 65 | 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 |work. We| should | |00003c50| 6e 65 76 65 72 20 67 6f | 20 62 61 63 6b 20 74 6f |never go| back to| |00003c60| 20 61 6e 79 20 6d 6f 6e | 6f 70 6f 6c 79 20 61 72 | any mon|opoly ar| |00003c70| 72 61 6e 67 65 6d 65 6e | 74 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 74 |rangemen|t like t| |00003c80| 68 65 20 70 72 65 2d 64 | 69 76 65 73 74 69 74 75 |he pre-d|ivestitu| |00003c90| 72 65 20 41 54 26 54 2c | 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 68 |re AT&T,| which h| |00003ca0| 65 6c 64 20 0d 62 61 63 | 6b 20 6d 61 72 6b 65 74 |eld .bac|k market| |00003cb0| 2d 64 72 69 76 65 6e 20 | 69 6e 6e 6f 76 61 74 69 |-driven |innovati| |00003cc0| 6f 6e 20 69 6e 20 74 65 | 6c 65 63 6f 6d 6d 75 6e |on in te|lecommun| |00003cd0| 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 | 20 66 6f 72 20 68 61 6c |ications| for hal| |00003ce0| 66 20 61 20 63 65 6e 74 | 75 72 79 2e 20 20 47 69 |f a cent|ury. Gi| |00003cf0| 76 65 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 69 6e 74 65 72 63 6f 6e |ven the |intercon| |00003d00| 6e 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 0d 74 65 63 68 6e 6f 6c |nection |.technol| |00003d10| 6f 67 79 20 6e 6f 77 20 | 61 76 61 69 6c 61 62 6c |ogy now |availabl| |00003d20| 65 2c 20 77 65 20 73 68 | 6f 75 6c 64 20 6e 65 76 |e, we sh|ould nev| |00003d30| 65 72 20 61 67 61 69 6e | 20 68 61 76 65 20 74 6f |er again| have to| |00003d40| 20 61 63 63 65 70 74 20 | 74 68 65 20 61 72 67 75 | accept |the argu| |00003d50| 6d 65 6e 74 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 77 65 20 68 61 76 |ment tha|t we hav| |00003d60| 65 20 74 6f 20 73 61 63 | 72 69 66 69 63 65 20 0d |e to sac|rifice .| |00003d70| 69 6e 74 65 72 6f 70 65 | 72 61 62 69 6c 69 74 79 |interope|rability| |00003d80| 20 66 6f 72 20 65 66 66 | 69 63 69 65 6e 63 79 2c | for eff|iciency,| |00003d90| 20 72 65 6c 69 61 62 69 | 6c 69 74 79 2c 20 6f 72 | reliabi|lity, or| |00003da0| 20 65 61 73 65 2d 6f 66 | 2d 75 73 65 2e 0d 0d 09 | ease-of|-use....| |00003db0| 53 69 6d 69 6c 61 72 6c | 79 2c 20 74 68 65 20 4e |Similarl|y, the N| |00003dc0| 52 45 4e 2c 20 61 6e 64 | 20 6c 61 74 65 72 20 74 |REN, and| later t| |00003dd0| 68 65 20 4e 61 74 69 6f | 6e 61 6c 20 50 75 62 6c |he Natio|nal Publ| |00003de0| 69 63 20 4e 65 74 77 6f | 72 6b 2c 20 6d 75 73 74 |ic Netwo|rk, must| |00003df0| 20 62 65 20 61 6c 6c 6f | 77 65 64 20 74 6f 20 67 | be allo|wed to g| |00003e00| 72 6f 77 20 77 69 74 68 | 6f 75 74 20 0d 62 65 69 |row with|out .bei| |00003e10| 6e 67 20 64 6f 6d 69 6e | 61 74 65 64 20 62 79 20 |ng domin|ated by | |00003e20| 61 6e 79 20 73 69 6e 67 | 6c 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 |any sing|le compa| |00003e30| 6e 79 2e 20 20 43 6f 6e | 74 72 61 63 74 69 6e 67 |ny. Con|tracting| |00003e40| 20 72 65 71 75 69 72 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 69 6e | require|ments in| |00003e50| 20 74 68 65 20 63 75 72 | 72 65 6e 74 20 6c 65 67 | the cur|rent leg| |00003e60| 69 73 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e | 20 61 64 76 61 6e 63 65 |islation| advance| |00003e70| 20 0d 74 68 69 73 20 67 | 6f 61 6c 2e 0d 0d 54 68 | .this g|oal...Th| |00003e80| 65 20 4e 65 74 77 6f 72 | 6b 20 73 68 61 6c 6c 20 |e Networ|k shall | |00003e90| 62 65 20 65 73 74 61 62 | 6c 69 73 68 65 64 20 69 |be estab|lished i| |00003ea0| 6e 20 61 20 6d 61 6e 6e | 65 72 20 77 68 69 63 68 |n a mann|er which| |00003eb0| 20 66 6f 73 74 65 72 73 | 20 61 6e 64 20 6d 61 69 | fosters| and mai| |00003ec0| 6e 74 61 69 6e 73 20 63 | 6f 6d 70 65 74 69 74 69 |ntains c|ompetiti| |00003ed0| 6f 6e 20 77 69 74 68 69 | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 0d 74 |on withi|n the .t| |00003ee0| 65 6c 65 63 6f 6d 6d 75 | 6e 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e |elecommu|nication| |00003ef0| 73 20 69 6e 64 75 73 74 | 72 79 20 61 6e 64 20 70 |s indust|ry and p| |00003f00| 72 6f 6d 6f 74 65 73 20 | 74 68 65 20 64 65 76 65 |romotes |the deve| |00003f10| 6c 6f 70 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 6f 66 20 69 6e 74 65 72 |lopment |of inter| |00003f20| 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 65 | 64 20 68 69 67 68 2d 73 |connecte|d high-s| |00003f30| 70 65 65 64 20 64 61 74 | 61 20 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 |peed dat|a networ| |00003f40| 6b 73 20 0d 62 79 20 74 | 68 65 20 70 72 69 76 61 |ks .by t|he priva| |00003f50| 74 65 20 73 65 63 74 6f | 72 2e 31 31 20 41 62 73 |te secto|r.11 Abs| |00003f60| 65 6e 74 20 61 20 74 72 | 75 6c 79 20 63 6f 6d 70 |ent a tr|uly comp| |00003f70| 65 74 69 74 69 76 65 20 | 65 6e 76 69 72 6f 6e 6d |etitive |environm| |00003f80| 65 6e 74 2c 20 61 20 64 | 6f 6d 69 6e 61 6e 74 20 |ent, a d|ominant | |00003f90| 63 61 72 72 69 65 72 20 | 6d 69 67 68 74 20 75 73 |carrier |might us| |00003fa0| 65 20 69 74 73 20 0d 70 | 72 69 76 69 6c 65 67 65 |e its .p|rivilege| |00003fb0| 64 20 61 63 63 65 73 73 | 20 74 6f 20 73 74 69 66 |d access| to stif| |00003fc0| 6c 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 65 | 74 69 74 6f 72 73 20 75 |le compe|titors u| |00003fd0| 6e 66 61 69 72 6c 79 3a | 20 22 55 73 65 20 6f 75 |nfairly:| "Use ou| |00003fe0| 72 20 6c 6f 63 61 6c 20 | 73 65 72 76 69 63 65 20 |r local |service | |00003ff0| 74 6f 20 63 6f 6e 6e 65 | 63 74 20 74 6f 20 6f 75 |to conne|ct to ou| |00004000| 72 20 75 6e 64 65 72 73 | 65 61 20 0d 69 6e 74 65 |r unders|ea .inte| |00004010| 72 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 | 6c 20 6c 69 6e 6b 73 2c |rnationa|l links,| |00004020| 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 24 33 20 | without| the $3 | |00004030| 73 75 72 63 68 61 72 67 | 65 20 77 65 20 74 61 63 |surcharg|e we tac| |00004040| 6b 20 6f 6e 20 66 6f 72 | 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 63 |k on for| other c| |00004050| 61 72 72 69 65 72 73 2e | 22 20 54 68 65 20 67 72 |arriers.|" The gr| |00004060| 65 61 74 65 73 74 20 64 | 61 6e 67 65 72 20 69 73 |eatest d|anger is| |00004070| 20 0d 22 62 61 6c 6b 61 | 6e 69 7a 61 74 69 6f 6e | ."balka|nization| |00004080| 22 2d 2d 69 6e 20 77 68 | 69 63 68 20 74 68 65 20 |"--in wh|ich the | |00004090| 6e 65 74 20 69 73 20 62 | 72 6f 6b 65 6e 20 75 70 |net is b|roken up| |000040a0| 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 69 73 | 6c 61 6e 64 73 2c 20 65 | into is|lands, e| |000040b0| 61 63 68 20 64 65 76 65 | 6c 6f 70 69 6e 67 20 73 |ach deve|loping s| |000040c0| 65 70 61 72 61 74 65 6c | 79 2c 20 77 69 74 68 6f |eparatel|y, witho| |000040d0| 75 74 20 65 6e 6f 75 67 | 68 20 0d 69 6e 74 65 72 |ut enoug|h .inter| |000040e0| 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 | 6e 67 20 62 72 69 64 67 |connecti|ng bridg| |000040f0| 65 73 20 74 6f 20 73 61 | 74 69 73 66 79 20 75 73 |es to sa|tisfy us| |00004100| 65 72 73 27 20 64 65 73 | 69 72 65 73 20 66 6f 72 |ers' des|ires for| |00004110| 20 75 6e 69 76 65 72 73 | 61 6c 20 63 6f 6e 6e 65 | univers|al conne| |00004120| 63 74 69 76 69 74 79 2e | 20 20 53 74 72 6f 6e 67 |ctivity.| Strong| |00004130| 20 69 6e 74 65 72 6f 70 | 65 72 61 62 69 6c 69 74 | interop|erabilit| |00004140| 79 20 0d 72 65 71 75 69 | 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 |y .requi|rements | |00004150| 61 6e 64 20 61 64 68 65 | 72 65 6e 63 65 20 74 6f |and adhe|rence to| |00004160| 20 73 74 61 6e 64 61 72 | 64 73 20 6d 75 73 74 20 | standar|ds must | |00004170| 62 65 20 62 75 69 6c 74 | 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 74 68 |be built| into th| |00004180| 65 20 64 65 73 69 67 6e | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |e design| of the | |00004190| 4e 52 45 4e 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 74 68 65 20 6f 75 |NREN fro|m the ou| |000041a0| 74 73 65 74 2e 31 32 0d | 0d 09 41 66 74 65 72 20 |tset.12.|..After | |000041b0| 31 39 39 32 2c 20 70 72 | 69 76 61 74 65 20 63 6f |1992, pr|ivate co| |000041c0| 6d 70 61 6e 69 65 73 20 | 77 69 6c 6c 20 6d 61 6e |mpanies |will man| |000041d0| 61 67 65 20 61 6e 20 65 | 76 65 72 2d 67 72 65 61 |age an e|ver-grea| |000041e0| 74 65 72 20 73 68 61 72 | 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 |ter shar|e of the| |000041f0| 20 4e 52 45 4e 20 63 61 | 62 6c 65 73 20 61 6e 64 | NREN ca|bles and| |00004200| 20 0d 73 77 69 74 63 68 | 65 73 2e 20 54 68 65 20 | .switch|es. The | |00004210| 4e 53 46 20 73 68 6f 75 | 6c 64 20 75 73 65 20 62 |NSF shou|ld use b| |00004220| 6f 74 68 20 63 61 72 72 | 6f 74 20 61 6e 64 20 73 |oth carr|ot and s| |00004230| 74 69 63 6b 20 74 6f 20 | 65 6e 63 6f 75 72 61 67 |tick to |encourag| |00004240| 65 20 61 73 20 6d 75 63 | 68 20 69 6e 74 65 72 63 |e as muc|h interc| |00004250| 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 6f | 6e 20 61 73 20 70 6f 73 |onnectio|n as pos| |00004260| 73 69 62 6c 65 2e 20 20 | 0d 46 6f 72 20 65 78 61 |sible. |.For exa| |00004270| 6d 70 6c 65 2c 20 74 68 | 65 20 4e 53 46 20 63 6f |mple, th|e NSF co| |00004280| 75 6c 64 20 6d 61 6b 65 | 20 66 75 6e 64 69 6e 67 |uld make| funding| |00004290| 20 74 6f 20 4e 52 45 4e | 20 62 61 63 6b 62 6f 6e | to NREN| backbon| |000042a0| 65 20 63 61 72 72 69 65 | 72 73 20 63 6f 6e 74 69 |e carrie|rs conti| |000042b0| 6e 67 65 6e 74 20 6f 6e | 20 70 61 72 74 69 63 69 |ngent on| partici| |000042c0| 70 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 | 6e 20 61 6e 20 0d 69 6e |pation i|n an .in| |000042d0| 74 65 72 6e 65 74 77 6f | 72 6b 20 65 78 63 68 61 |ternetwo|rk excha| |000042e0| 6e 67 65 20 61 67 72 65 | 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 74 68 |nge agre|ement th| |000042f0| 61 74 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 | 20 73 65 72 76 65 20 61 |at would| serve a| |00004300| 73 20 61 20 66 72 61 6d | 65 77 6f 72 6b 20 66 6f |s a fram|ework fo| |00004310| 72 20 61 20 73 74 61 6e | 64 61 72 64 73 2d 62 61 |r a stan|dards-ba| |00004320| 73 65 64 20 65 6e 76 69 | 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 2e |sed envi|ronment.| |00004330| 20 20 0d 41 73 20 74 68 | 65 20 4e 52 45 4e 20 69 | .As th|e NREN i| |00004340| 73 20 69 6d 70 6c 65 6d | 65 6e 74 65 64 2c 20 73 |s implem|ented, s| |00004350| 6f 6d 65 20 66 6f 72 6d | 61 6c 20 61 66 66 69 72 |ome form|al affir| |00004360| 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f | 66 20 66 61 69 72 20 61 |mation o|f fair a| |00004370| 63 63 65 73 73 20 69 73 | 20 6e 65 65 64 65 64 2d |ccess is| needed-| |00004380| 2d 69 64 65 61 6c 6c 79 | 20 62 79 20 61 6e 20 22 |-ideally| by an "| |00004390| 49 6e 74 65 72 6e 65 74 | 20 0d 45 78 63 68 61 6e |Internet| .Exchan| |000043a0| 67 65 20 41 73 73 6f 63 | 69 61 74 69 6f 6e 22 20 |ge Assoc|iation" | |000043b0| 66 6f 72 6d 65 64 20 74 | 6f 20 73 65 74 74 6c 65 |formed t|o settle| |000043c0| 20 63 6f 6d 6d 6f 6e 20 | 72 75 6c 65 73 20 61 6e | common |rules an| |000043d0| 64 20 73 74 61 6e 64 61 | 72 64 73 2e 20 28 54 68 |d standa|rds. (Th| |000043e0| 65 69 72 20 65 66 66 6f | 72 74 73 2c 20 69 66 20 |eir effo|rts, if | |000043f0| 73 74 72 6f 6e 67 20 65 | 6e 6f 75 67 68 2c 20 0d |strong e|nough, .| |00004400| 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 66 6f | 72 65 73 74 61 6c 6c 20 |could fo|restall | |00004410| 61 20 63 6f 73 74 6c 79 | 2c 20 77 61 73 74 65 66 |a costly|, wastef| |00004420| 75 6c 20 63 72 61 7a 79 | 2d 71 75 69 6c 74 20 6f |ul crazy|-quilt o| |00004430| 66 20 6e 65 77 20 72 65 | 67 75 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e |f new re|gulation| |00004440| 73 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 | 68 65 20 46 43 43 20 61 |s from t|he FCC a| |00004450| 6e 64 20 35 30 20 53 74 | 61 74 65 20 50 75 62 6c |nd 50 St|ate Publ| |00004460| 69 63 20 55 74 69 6c 69 | 74 69 65 73 20 0d 43 6f |ic Utili|ties .Co| |00004470| 6d 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e | 73 2e 29 20 54 68 69 73 |mmission|s.) This| |00004480| 20 61 73 73 6f 63 69 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 73 68 6f | associa|tion sho| |00004490| 75 6c 64 20 64 65 63 69 | 64 65 20 75 70 6f 6e 20 |uld deci|de upon | |000044a0| 61 20 22 62 61 73 6b 65 | 74 22 20 6f 66 20 73 74 |a "baske|t" of st| |000044b0| 61 6e 64 61 72 64 20 73 | 65 72 76 69 63 65 73 2d |andard s|ervices-| |000044c0| 2d 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 69 | 6e 67 20 6d 65 73 73 61 |-includi|ng messa| |000044d0| 67 69 6e 67 2c 20 0d 64 | 69 72 65 63 74 6f 72 69 |ging, .d|irectori| |000044e0| 65 73 2c 20 69 6e 74 65 | 72 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 |es, inte|rnationa| |000044f0| 6c 20 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 73 2c 20 61 |l connec|tions, a| |00004500| 63 63 65 73 73 20 74 6f | 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 |ccess to| informa| |00004510| 74 69 6f 6e 20 70 72 6f | 76 69 64 65 72 73 2c 20 |tion pro|viders, | |00004520| 62 69 6c 6c 69 6e 67 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 70 72 6f |billing,| and pro| |00004530| 62 61 62 6c 79 20 6d 6f | 72 65 2d 2d 74 68 61 74 |bably mo|re--that| |00004540| 20 0d 61 72 65 20 67 75 | 61 72 61 6e 74 65 65 64 | .are gu|aranteed| |00004550| 20 66 6f 72 20 75 6e 69 | 76 65 72 73 61 6c 20 69 | for uni|versal i| |00004560| 6e 74 65 72 63 6f 6e 6e | 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 |nterconn|ection. | |00004570| 20 54 68 65 20 43 6f 6d | 6d 65 72 63 69 61 6c 20 | The Com|mercial | |00004580| 49 6e 74 65 72 6e 65 74 | 20 45 78 63 68 61 6e 67 |Internet| Exchang| |00004590| 65 20 28 43 49 58 29 20 | 66 6f 72 6d 65 64 20 69 |e (CIX) |formed i| |000045a0| 6e 20 31 39 39 31 20 0d | 62 79 20 74 68 72 65 65 |n 1991 .|by three| |000045b0| 20 63 6f 6d 6d 65 72 63 | 69 61 6c 20 69 6e 74 65 | commerc|ial inte| |000045c0| 72 2d 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 | 6b 69 6e 67 20 63 61 72 |r-networ|king car| |000045d0| 72 69 65 72 73 20 20 72 | 65 70 72 65 73 65 6e 74 |riers r|epresent| |000045e0| 73 20 61 20 73 75 62 73 | 74 61 6e 74 69 76 65 2c |s a subs|tantive,| |000045f0| 20 69 6e 69 74 69 61 6c | 20 6d 6f 76 65 20 69 6e | initial| move in| |00004600| 20 74 68 69 73 20 64 69 | 72 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 2e | this di|rection.| |00004610| 0d 0d 49 49 2e 20 43 72 | 65 61 74 65 20 61 6e 20 |..II. Cr|eate an | |00004620| 4f 70 65 6e 20 50 6c 61 | 74 66 6f 72 6d 20 66 6f |Open Pla|tform fo| |00004630| 72 20 49 6e 6e 6f 76 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 0d 0d 45 6e |r Innova|tion..En| |00004640| 63 6f 75 72 61 67 65 20 | 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 |courage |informat| |00004650| 69 6f 6e 20 65 6e 74 72 | 65 70 72 65 6e 65 75 72 |ion entr|epreneur| |00004660| 73 68 69 70 20 74 68 72 | 6f 75 67 68 20 61 6e 20 |ship thr|ough an | |00004670| 6f 70 65 6e 20 61 72 63 | 68 69 74 65 63 74 75 72 |open arc|hitectur| |00004680| 65 20 28 6e 6f 6e 2d 70 | 72 6f 70 72 69 65 74 61 |e (non-p|roprieta| |00004690| 72 79 29 20 70 6c 61 74 | 66 6f 72 6d 2c 20 77 69 |ry) plat|form, wi| |000046a0| 74 68 20 0d 6c 6f 77 20 | 62 61 72 72 69 65 72 73 |th .low |barriers| |000046b0| 20 74 6f 20 65 6e 74 72 | 79 20 66 6f 72 20 69 6e | to entr|y for in| |000046c0| 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f | 6e 20 70 72 6f 76 69 64 |formatio|n provid| |000046d0| 65 72 73 2e 20 0d 0d 09 | 54 68 65 20 6d 6f 73 74 |ers. ...|The most| |000046e0| 20 76 61 6c 75 61 62 6c | 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 69 | valuabl|e contri| |000046f0| 62 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f |bution o|f the co| |00004700| 6d 70 75 74 65 72 20 69 | 6e 64 75 73 74 72 79 20 |mputer i|ndustry | |00004710| 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 70 | 61 73 74 20 67 65 6e 65 |in the p|ast gene| |00004720| 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 | 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 61 20 |ration i|s not a | |00004730| 6d 61 63 68 69 6e 65 2c | 20 0d 62 75 74 20 61 6e |machine,| .but an| |00004740| 20 69 64 65 61 2d 2d 74 | 68 65 20 70 72 69 6e 63 | idea--t|he princ| |00004750| 69 70 6c 65 20 6f 66 20 | 6f 70 65 6e 20 61 72 63 |iple of |open arc| |00004760| 68 69 74 65 63 74 75 72 | 65 2e 20 54 79 70 69 63 |hitectur|e. Typic| |00004770| 61 6c 6c 79 2c 20 61 20 | 68 61 72 64 77 61 72 65 |ally, a |hardware| |00004780| 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 6e 79 | 20 28 61 6e 20 41 70 70 | company| (an App| |00004790| 6c 65 20 6f 72 20 49 42 | 4d 2c 20 66 6f 72 20 0d |le or IB|M, for .| |000047a0| 69 6e 73 74 61 6e 63 65 | 29 20 6e 65 69 74 68 65 |instance|) neithe| |000047b0| 72 20 64 65 73 69 67 6e | 73 20 69 74 73 20 6f 77 |r design|s its ow| |000047c0| 6e 20 61 70 70 6c 69 63 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 73 |n applic|ations s| |000047d0| 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 | 6e 6f 72 20 72 65 71 75 |oftware |nor requ| |000047e0| 69 72 65 73 20 6c 69 63 | 65 6e 73 65 73 20 6f 66 |ires lic|enses of| |000047f0| 20 69 74 73 20 61 70 70 | 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e | its app|lication| |00004800| 20 76 65 6e 64 6f 72 73 | 2e 20 20 0d 42 6f 74 68 | vendors|. .Both| |00004810| 20 70 72 61 63 74 69 63 | 65 73 20 77 65 72 65 20 | practic|es were | |00004820| 74 68 65 20 6e 6f 72 6d | 20 69 6e 20 20 74 68 65 |the norm| in the| |00004830| 20 6d 61 69 6e 66 72 61 | 6d 65 20 65 72 61 20 6f | mainfra|me era o| |00004840| 66 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 | 69 6e 67 2e 20 49 6e 73 |f comput|ing. Ins| |00004850| 74 65 61 64 2c 20 69 6e | 20 74 68 65 20 70 65 72 |tead, in| the per| |00004860| 73 6f 6e 61 6c 20 63 6f | 6d 70 75 74 65 72 20 0d |sonal co|mputer .| |00004870| 6d 61 72 6b 65 74 2c 20 | 74 68 65 20 68 61 72 64 |market, |the hard| |00004880| 77 61 72 65 20 63 6f 6d | 70 61 6e 79 20 63 72 65 |ware com|pany cre| |00004890| 61 74 65 73 20 61 20 20 | 22 70 6c 61 74 66 6f 72 |ates a |"platfor| |000048a0| 6d 22 2d 2d 61 20 63 6f | 6d 6d 6f 6e 20 73 65 74 |m"--a co|mmon set| |000048b0| 20 6f 66 20 73 70 65 63 | 69 66 69 63 61 74 69 6f | of spec|ificatio| |000048c0| 6e 73 2c 20 70 75 62 6c | 69 73 68 65 64 20 6f 70 |ns, publ|ished op| |000048d0| 65 6e 6c 79 20 73 6f 20 | 0d 74 68 61 74 20 6f 74 |enly so |.that ot| |000048e0| 68 65 72 2c 20 6f 66 74 | 65 6e 20 73 6d 61 6c 6c |her, oft|en small| |000048f0| 65 72 2c 20 69 6e 64 65 | 70 65 6e 64 65 6e 74 20 |er, inde|pendent | |00004900| 66 69 72 6d 73 20 63 61 | 6e 20 64 65 76 65 6c 6f |firms ca|n develo| |00004910| 70 20 74 68 65 69 72 20 | 6f 77 6e 20 70 72 6f 64 |p their |own prod| |00004920| 75 63 74 73 20 28 6c 69 | 6b 65 20 74 68 65 20 73 |ucts (li|ke the s| |00004930| 70 72 65 61 64 73 68 65 | 65 74 20 0d 70 72 6f 67 |preadshe|et .prog| |00004940| 72 61 6d 29 20 74 6f 20 | 77 6f 72 6b 20 77 69 74 |ram) to |work wit| |00004950| 68 20 69 74 2e 20 49 6e | 20 74 68 69 73 20 77 61 |h it. In| this wa| |00004960| 79 2c 20 74 68 65 20 68 | 6f 73 74 20 63 6f 6d 70 |y, the h|ost comp| |00004970| 61 6e 79 20 74 61 6b 65 | 73 20 61 64 76 61 6e 74 |any take|s advant| |00004980| 61 67 65 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 65 20 73 6d 61 6c 6c |age of t|he small| |00004990| 65 72 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 | 6e 69 65 73 27 20 0d 69 |er compa|nies' .i| |000049a0| 6e 67 65 6e 75 69 74 79 | 20 61 6e 64 20 63 72 65 |ngenuity| and cre| |000049b0| 61 74 69 76 69 74 79 2e | 20 20 20 0d 0d 09 45 76 |ativity.| ...Ev| |000049c0| 65 6e 20 20 69 6e 74 65 | 72 66 61 63 65 73 20 72 |en inte|rfaces r| |000049d0| 69 67 69 64 6c 79 20 63 | 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c 6c 65 |igidly c|ontrolle| |000049e0| 64 20 62 79 20 61 20 73 | 69 6e 67 6c 65 20 6d 61 |d by a s|ingle ma| |000049f0| 6e 75 66 61 63 74 75 72 | 65 72 2c 20 6c 69 6b 65 |nufactur|er, like| |00004a00| 20 74 68 65 20 4d 61 63 | 69 6e 74 6f 73 68 2c 20 | the Mac|intosh, | |00004a10| 65 6d 62 72 61 63 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 0d 70 6c 61 |embrace |the .pla| |00004a20| 74 66 6f 72 6d 20 63 6f | 6e 63 65 70 74 2e 20 54 |tform co|ncept. T| |00004a30| 77 6f 20 79 65 61 72 73 | 20 61 67 6f 2c 20 77 68 |wo years| ago, wh| |00004a40| 65 6e 20 41 70 70 6c 65 | 20 62 65 67 61 6e 20 70 |en Apple| began p| |00004a50| 6c 61 6e 6e 69 6e 67 20 | 74 68 65 20 53 79 73 74 |lanning |the Syst| |00004a60| 65 6d 20 37 20 72 65 6c | 65 61 73 65 20 6f 66 20 |em 7 rel|ease of | |00004a70| 69 74 73 20 4d 61 63 69 | 6e 74 6f 73 68 20 0d 6f |its Maci|ntosh .o| |00004a80| 70 65 72 61 74 69 6e 67 | 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d 2c |perating| system,| |00004a90| 20 6f 6e 65 20 6f 66 20 | 69 74 73 20 66 69 72 73 | one of |its firs| |00004aa0| 74 20 73 74 65 70 73 20 | 77 61 73 20 74 6f 20 69 |t steps |was to i| |00004ab0| 6e 76 69 74 65 20 63 6f | 6d 6d 65 6e 74 20 66 72 |nvite co|mment fr| |00004ac0| 6f 6d 20 73 6f 66 74 77 | 61 72 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 |om softw|are comp| |00004ad0| 61 6e 69 65 73 20 6c 69 | 6b 65 20 4d 61 63 72 6f |anies li|ke Macro| |00004ae0| 6d 69 6e 64 2c 20 0d 41 | 6c 64 75 73 2c 20 53 69 |mind, .A|ldus, Si| |00004af0| 6c 69 63 6f 6e 20 42 65 | 61 63 68 2c 20 61 6e 64 |licon Be|ach, and| |00004b00| 20 54 2f 4d 61 6b 65 72 | 2e 20 49 6e 20 73 75 62 | T/Maker|. In sub| |00004b10| 73 74 61 6e 74 69 76 65 | 2c 20 73 6f 6d 65 74 69 |stantive|, someti| |00004b20| 6d 65 73 20 76 65 72 79 | 20 61 72 67 75 6d 65 6e |mes very| argumen| |00004b30| 74 61 74 69 76 65 20 73 | 65 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 2c |tative s|essions,| |00004b40| 20 41 70 70 6c 65 20 0d | 72 65 76 65 61 6c 65 64 | Apple .|revealed| |00004b50| 20 74 68 65 20 63 61 70 | 61 62 69 6c 69 74 69 65 | the cap|abilitie| |00004b60| 73 20 69 74 20 70 6c 61 | 6e 6e 65 64 20 74 6f 20 |s it pla|nned to | |00004b70| 74 68 65 73 65 20 69 6e | 64 65 70 65 6e 64 65 6e |these in|dependen| |00004b80| 74 73 2c 20 77 68 6f 20 | 6b 6e 65 77 20 74 68 65 |ts, who |knew the| |00004b90| 69 72 20 63 75 73 74 6f | 6d 65 72 73 20 61 6e 64 |ir custo|mers and| |00004ba0| 20 6e 65 65 64 73 20 6d | 75 63 68 20 0d 62 65 74 | needs m|uch .bet| |00004bb0| 74 65 72 20 74 68 61 6e | 20 41 70 70 6c 65 2e 20 |ter than| Apple. | |00004bc0| 4f 6e 65 20 6d 75 6c 74 | 69 2d 6d 65 64 69 61 20 |One mult|i-media | |00004bd0| 63 6f 6d 70 61 6e 79 2c | 20 61 66 74 65 72 20 61 |company,| after a| |00004be0| 72 67 75 69 6e 67 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 41 70 70 6c |rguing t|hat Appl| |00004bf0| 65 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 | 20 74 61 6b 65 20 61 20 |e should| take a | |00004c00| 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e | 74 20 74 65 63 68 6e 69 |differen|t techni| |00004c10| 63 61 6c 20 0d 74 75 72 | 6e 2c 20 61 63 74 75 61 |cal .tur|n, actua| |00004c20| 6c 6c 79 20 66 6f 75 6e | 64 20 69 74 73 65 6c 66 |lly foun|d itself| |00004c30| 20 64 6f 69 6e 67 20 74 | 68 65 20 77 6f 72 6b 20 | doing t|he work | |00004c40| 69 6e 20 61 20 6a 6f 69 | 6e 74 20 70 72 6f 6a 65 |in a joi|nt proje| |00004c50| 63 74 2e 20 54 68 65 20 | 6d 6f 73 74 20 75 73 65 |ct. The |most use| |00004c60| 66 75 6c 20 6a 6f 62 20 | 6f 66 20 41 70 70 6c 65 |ful job |of Apple| |00004c70| 27 73 20 66 61 6d 6f 75 | 73 20 0d 22 65 76 61 6e |'s famou|s ."evan| |00004c80| 67 65 6c 69 73 74 73 22 | 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 |gelists"| is not | |00004c90| 73 65 6c 6c 69 6e 67 20 | 74 68 65 20 4d 61 63 20 |selling |the Mac | |00004ca0| 73 70 65 63 73 2c 20 62 | 75 74 20 6c 69 73 74 65 |specs, b|ut liste| |00004cb0| 6e 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 | 6f 75 74 73 69 64 65 72 |ning to |outsider| |00004cc0| 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 68 | 65 6c 70 69 6e 67 20 41 |s, and h|elping A| |00004cd0| 70 70 6c 65 20 69 74 73 | 65 6c 66 20 73 74 61 79 |pple its|elf stay| |00004ce0| 20 66 6c 65 78 69 62 6c | 65 20 0d 65 6e 6f 75 67 | flexibl|e .enoug| |00004cf0| 68 20 74 6f 20 77 6f 72 | 6b 20 77 69 74 68 20 69 |h to wor|k with i| |00004d00| 6e 64 65 70 65 6e 64 65 | 6e 74 20 69 6e 6e 6f 76 |ndepende|nt innov| |00004d10| 61 74 6f 72 73 20 65 66 | 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 6c |ators ef|fectivel| |00004d20| 79 2e 0d 0d 09 49 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 64 65 73 69 |y....In |the desi| |00004d30| 67 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 4e 52 45 4e 2c 20 |gn of th|e NREN, | |00004d40| 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 65 6e 74 72 |informat|ion entr| |00004d50| 65 70 72 65 6e 65 75 72 | 73 68 69 70 20 63 61 6e |epreneur|ship can| |00004d60| 20 62 65 73 74 20 62 65 | 20 70 72 6f 6d 6f 74 65 | best be| promote| |00004d70| 64 20 62 79 20 62 75 69 | 6c 64 69 6e 67 20 77 69 |d by bui|lding wi| |00004d80| 74 68 20 0d 6f 70 65 6e | 20 73 74 61 6e 64 61 72 |th .open| standar| |00004d90| 64 73 20 61 6e 64 20 62 | 79 20 6d 61 6b 69 6e 67 |ds and b|y making| |00004da0| 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 74 | 77 6f 72 6b 20 61 74 74 | the net|work att| |00004db0| 72 61 63 74 69 76 65 20 | 74 6f 20 61 73 20 6d 61 |ractive |to as ma| |00004dc0| 6e 79 20 73 65 72 76 69 | 63 65 20 70 72 6f 76 69 |ny servi|ce provi| |00004dd0| 64 65 72 73 20 61 6e 64 | 20 64 65 76 65 6c 6f 70 |ders and| develop| |00004de0| 65 72 73 20 61 73 20 0d | 70 6f 73 73 69 62 6c 65 |ers as .|possible| |00004df0| 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 73 | 74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 73 |. The s|tandards| |00004e00| 20 61 64 6f 70 74 65 64 | 20 6d 75 73 74 20 6d 65 | adopted| must me| |00004e10| 65 74 20 74 68 65 20 6e | 65 65 64 73 20 6f 66 20 |et the n|eeds of | |00004e20| 61 20 62 72 6f 61 64 20 | 72 61 6e 67 65 20 6f 66 |a broad |range of| |00004e30| 20 75 73 65 72 73 2c 20 | 6e 6f 74 20 6a 75 73 74 | users, |not just| |00004e40| 20 6e 61 72 72 6f 77 20 | 6e 65 65 64 73 20 6f 66 | narrow |needs of| |00004e50| 20 0d 74 68 65 20 6d 69 | 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 61 67 | .the mi|ssion ag| |00004e60| 65 6e 63 69 65 73 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 61 72 65 20 |encies t|hat are | |00004e70| 72 65 73 70 6f 6e 73 69 | 62 6c 65 20 66 6f 72 20 |responsi|ble for | |00004e80| 6f 76 65 72 73 65 65 69 | 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 65 |overseei|ng the e| |00004e90| 61 72 6c 79 20 73 74 61 | 67 65 73 20 6f 66 20 74 |arly sta|ges of t| |00004ea0| 68 65 20 4e 52 45 4e 2e | 20 20 50 6f 73 69 74 69 |he NREN.| Positi| |00004eb0| 76 65 20 65 66 66 6f 72 | 74 73 20 0d 73 68 6f 75 |ve effor|ts .shou| |00004ec0| 6c 64 20 62 65 20 6d 61 | 64 65 20 74 6f 20 65 6e |ld be ma|de to en| |00004ed0| 63 6f 75 72 61 67 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 64 65 76 65 |courage |the deve| |00004ee0| 6c 6f 70 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 6f 66 20 65 78 70 65 72 |lopment |of exper| |00004ef0| 69 6d 65 6e 74 61 6c 20 | 63 6f 6d 6d 65 72 63 69 |imental |commerci| |00004f00| 61 6c 20 73 65 72 76 69 | 63 65 73 20 6f 66 20 61 |al servi|ces of a| |00004f10| 6c 6c 20 6b 69 6e 64 73 | 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 |ll kinds| without| |00004f20| 20 0d 72 65 71 75 69 72 | 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 20 | .requir|ing the | |00004f30| 6e 65 67 6f 74 69 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 61 |negotiat|ion of a| |00004f40| 6e 79 20 62 75 72 65 61 | 75 63 72 61 74 69 63 20 |ny burea|ucratic | |00004f50| 70 72 6f 63 65 64 75 72 | 65 73 2e 0d 0d 09 49 6e |procedur|es....In| |00004f60| 20 74 68 65 20 65 61 72 | 6c 79 20 73 74 61 67 65 | the ear|ly stage| |00004f70| 73 20 6f 66 20 64 65 76 | 65 6c 6f 70 6d 65 6e 74 |s of dev|elopment| |00004f80| 20 6f 66 20 61 6e 20 69 | 6e 64 75 73 74 72 79 2c | of an i|ndustry,| |00004f90| 20 6c 6f 77 20 62 61 72 | 72 69 65 72 73 20 74 6f | low bar|riers to| |00004fa0| 20 65 6e 74 72 79 20 73 | 74 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 65 | entry s|timulate| |00004fb0| 20 63 6f 6d 70 65 74 69 | 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 20 20 | competi|tion. | |00004fc0| 0d 54 68 65 79 20 65 6e | 61 62 6c 65 20 61 20 76 |.They en|able a v| |00004fd0| 65 72 79 20 6c 61 72 67 | 65 20 69 6e 69 74 69 61 |ery larg|e initia| |00004fe0| 6c 20 73 65 74 20 6f 66 | 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 74 |l set of| product| |00004ff0| 73 20 66 6f 72 20 63 6f | 6e 73 75 6d 65 72 73 20 |s for co|nsumers | |00005000| 74 6f 20 63 68 6f 6f 73 | 65 20 66 72 6f 6d 2e 20 |to choos|e from. | |00005010| 20 4f 75 74 20 6f 66 20 | 74 68 65 73 65 20 74 68 | Out of |these th| |00005020| 65 20 6d 61 72 6b 65 74 | 20 0d 77 69 6c 6c 20 6c |e market| .will l| |00005030| 65 61 72 6e 20 74 6f 20 | 69 67 6e 6f 72 65 20 61 |earn to |ignore a| |00005040| 6c 6d 6f 73 74 20 61 6c | 6c 20 69 6e 20 6f 72 64 |lmost al|l in ord| |00005050| 65 72 20 74 6f 20 73 74 | 61 6e 64 61 72 64 69 7a |er to st|andardiz| |00005060| 65 20 6f 6e 20 61 20 66 | 65 77 2c 20 73 75 63 68 |e on a f|ew, such| |00005070| 20 61 73 20 61 20 4c 6f | 74 75 73 20 31 2d 32 2d | as a Lo|tus 1-2-| |00005080| 33 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 | 77 69 6e 6e 65 72 73 20 |3. The |winners | |00005090| 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 | 0d 77 69 64 65 6c 79 20 |will be |.widely | |000050a0| 65 6d 75 6c 61 74 65 64 | 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 |emulated| in the | |000050b0| 6e 65 78 74 20 67 65 6e | 65 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 |next gen|eration | |000050c0| 6f 66 20 70 72 6f 64 75 | 63 74 73 2c 20 77 68 69 |of produ|cts, whi| |000050d0| 63 68 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 | 69 6e 20 74 75 72 6e 20 |ch will |in turn | |000050e0| 67 65 6e 65 72 61 74 65 | 20 61 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 |generate| a more | |000050f0| 72 65 66 69 6e 65 64 20 | 66 6f 72 6d 20 6f 66 20 |refined |form of | |00005100| 0d 6d 61 72 6b 65 74 70 | 6c 61 63 65 20 66 65 65 |.marketp|lace fee| |00005110| 64 62 61 63 6b 2e 20 20 | 49 6e 20 74 68 69 73 20 |dback. |In this | |00005120| 66 61 73 68 69 6f 6e 2c | 20 65 61 72 6c 79 20 63 |fashion,| early c| |00005130| 68 61 6f 73 20 65 76 6f | 6c 76 65 73 20 71 75 69 |haos evo|lves qui| |00005140| 63 6b 6c 79 20 61 20 73 | 65 74 20 6f 66 20 68 69 |ckly a s|et of hi| |00005150| 67 68 2d 64 65 6d 61 6e | 64 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 |gh-deman|d produc| |00005160| 74 73 20 61 6e 64 20 0d | 70 72 6f 64 75 63 74 20 |ts and .|product | |00005170| 63 61 74 65 67 6f 72 69 | 65 73 2e 0d 0d 09 54 68 |categori|es....Th| |00005180| 69 73 20 70 72 6f 63 65 | 73 73 20 6f 66 20 6d 61 |is proce|ss of ma| |00005190| 72 6b 65 74 2d 6d 65 64 | 69 61 74 65 64 20 69 6e |rket-med|iated in| |000051a0| 6e 6f 76 61 74 69 6f 6e | 20 69 73 20 62 65 73 74 |novation| is best| |000051b0| 20 63 61 74 61 6c 79 7a | 65 64 20 62 79 20 63 72 | catalyz|ed by cr| |000051c0| 65 61 74 69 6e 67 20 61 | 6e 20 65 6e 76 69 72 6f |eating a|n enviro| |000051d0| 6e 6d 65 6e 74 20 69 6e | 20 0d 77 68 69 63 68 20 |nment in| .which | |000051e0| 69 74 20 69 73 20 69 6e | 65 78 70 65 6e 73 69 76 |it is in|expensiv| |000051f0| 65 20 61 6e 64 20 65 61 | 73 79 20 66 6f 72 20 65 |e and ea|sy for e| |00005200| 6e 74 72 65 70 72 65 6e | 65 75 72 73 20 74 6f 20 |ntrepren|eurs to | |00005210| 64 65 76 65 6c 6f 70 20 | 70 72 6f 64 75 63 74 73 |develop |products| |00005220| 2e 20 20 41 20 67 72 65 | 61 74 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 |. A gre|at numbe| |00005230| 72 20 6f 66 20 69 6e 64 | 65 70 65 6e 64 65 6e 74 |r of ind|ependent| |00005240| 20 0d 65 6e 74 65 72 70 | 72 69 73 65 73 2c 20 65 | .enterp|rises, e| |00005250| 61 63 68 20 6f 66 20 77 | 68 69 63 68 20 70 75 74 |ach of w|hich put| |00005260| 73 20 61 74 20 76 6f 6c | 75 6e 74 61 72 79 20 72 |s at vol|untary r| |00005270| 69 73 6b 20 74 68 65 20 | 69 6e 74 65 6c 6c 65 63 |isk the |intellec| |00005280| 74 75 61 6c 20 61 6e 64 | 20 65 63 6f 6e 6f 6d 69 |tual and| economi| |00005290| 63 20 63 61 70 69 74 61 | 6c 20 6f 66 20 72 69 73 |c capita|l of ris| |000052a0| 6b 2d 74 61 6b 65 72 73 | 2c 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 |k-takers|, is the| |000052b0| 20 0d 62 65 73 74 20 77 | 61 79 20 74 6f 20 66 69 | .best w|ay to fi| |000052c0| 6e 64 20 6f 75 74 20 77 | 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 |nd out w|hat the | |000052d0| 6d 61 72 6b 65 74 20 72 | 65 61 6c 6c 79 20 77 61 |market r|eally wa| |000052e0| 6e 74 73 2e 20 20 54 68 | 65 20 62 75 73 69 6e 65 |nts. Th|e busine| |000052f0| 73 73 65 73 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 73 75 63 63 65 65 |sses tha|t succee| |00005300| 64 20 69 6e 20 74 68 69 | 73 20 61 72 65 20 74 68 |d in thi|s are th| |00005310| 65 20 6f 6e 65 73 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 0d 77 69 6c |e ones t|hat .wil| |00005320| 6c 20 70 72 6f 73 70 65 | 72 2e 0d 0d 09 49 74 20 |l prospe|r....It | |00005330| 69 73 20 77 6f 72 74 68 | 77 68 69 6c 65 20 74 6f |is worth|while to| |00005340| 20 6e 6f 74 65 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 6e 6f 74 20 61 | note th|at not a| |00005350| 20 73 69 6e 67 6c 65 20 | 6d 61 6a 6f 72 20 50 43 | single |major PC| |00005360| 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 | 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 6e | softwar|e compan| |00005370| 79 20 74 6f 64 61 79 20 | 64 61 74 65 73 20 66 72 |y today |dates fr| |00005380| 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 0d | 6d 61 69 6e 66 72 61 6d |om the .|mainfram| |00005390| 65 20 65 72 61 2e 20 20 | 59 65 73 74 65 72 64 61 |e era. |Yesterda| |000053a0| 79 27 73 20 67 61 72 61 | 67 65 20 73 68 6f 70 20 |y's gara|ge shop | |000053b0| 69 73 20 74 6f 64 61 79 | 27 73 20 62 69 6c 6c 69 |is today|'s billi| |000053c0| 6f 6e 2d 64 6f 6c 6c 61 | 72 20 65 6e 74 65 72 70 |on-dolla|r enterp| |000053d0| 72 69 73 65 2e 20 20 50 | 6f 6c 69 63 69 65 73 20 |rise. P|olicies | |000053e0| 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 | 4e 50 4e 20 73 68 6f 75 |for the |NPN shou| |000053f0| 6c 64 20 0d 74 68 65 72 | 65 66 6f 72 65 20 6e 6f |ld .ther|efore no| |00005400| 74 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 61 | 63 63 6f 6d 6d 6f 64 61 |t only a|ccommoda| |00005410| 74 65 20 65 78 69 73 74 | 69 6e 67 20 69 6e 66 6f |te exist|ing info| |00005420| 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 69 6e 64 75 73 74 72 79 |rmation |industry| |00005430| 20 69 6e 74 65 72 65 73 | 74 73 2c 20 62 75 74 20 | interes|ts, but | |00005440| 61 6e 74 69 63 69 70 61 | 74 65 20 61 6e 64 20 70 |anticipa|te and p| |00005450| 72 6f 6d 6f 74 65 20 74 | 68 65 20 0d 6e 65 78 74 |romote t|he .next| |00005460| 20 67 65 6e 65 72 61 74 | 65 20 6f 66 20 65 6e 74 | generat|e of ent| |00005470| 72 65 70 72 65 6e 65 75 | 72 73 2e 0d 0d 09 54 68 |repreneu|rs....Th| |00005480| 65 20 64 69 76 65 72 73 | 65 20 6e 65 65 64 73 20 |e divers|e needs | |00005490| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 73 65 | 20 6d 61 6e 79 20 75 73 |of these| many us| |000054a0| 65 72 73 20 77 69 6c 6c | 20 63 72 65 61 74 65 20 |ers will| create | |000054b0| 64 65 6d 61 6e 64 20 66 | 6f 72 20 74 68 6f 75 73 |demand f|or thous| |000054c0| 61 6e 64 73 20 6f 66 20 | 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 |ands of |informat| |000054d0| 69 6f 6e 20 0d 70 72 6f | 70 72 69 65 74 6f 72 73 |ion .pro|prietors| |000054e0| 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 6e 65 74 2c 20 6a 75 73 | on the |net, jus| |000054f0| 74 20 61 73 20 74 68 65 | 72 65 20 61 72 65 20 74 |t as the|re are t| |00005500| 68 6f 75 73 61 6e 64 73 | 20 6f 66 20 70 72 6f 64 |housands| of prod| |00005510| 75 63 65 72 73 20 6f 66 | 20 70 65 72 73 6f 6e 61 |ucers of| persona| |00005520| 6c 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 | 65 72 20 73 6f 66 74 77 |l comput|er softw| |00005530| 61 72 65 20 74 6f 64 61 | 79 20 61 6e 64 20 0d 74 |are toda|y and .t| |00005540| 68 6f 75 73 61 6e 64 73 | 20 6f 66 20 70 75 62 6c |housands| of publ| |00005550| 69 73 68 65 72 73 20 6f | 66 20 62 6f 6f 6b 73 20 |ishers o|f books | |00005560| 61 6e 64 20 6d 61 67 61 | 7a 69 6e 65 73 2e 20 20 |and maga|zines. | |00005570| 49 74 20 73 68 6f 75 6c | 64 20 62 65 20 61 73 20 |It shoul|d be as | |00005580| 65 61 73 79 20 74 6f 20 | 70 72 6f 76 69 64 65 20 |easy to |provide | |00005590| 61 6e 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 | 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 73 |an infor|mation s| |000055a0| 65 72 76 69 63 65 20 0d | 61 73 20 74 6f 20 6f 72 |ervice .|as to or| |000055b0| 64 65 72 20 61 20 62 75 | 73 69 6e 65 73 73 20 74 |der a bu|siness t| |000055c0| 65 6c 65 70 68 6f 6e 65 | 2e 20 4c 61 72 67 65 20 |elephone|. Large | |000055d0| 61 6e 64 20 73 6d 61 6c | 6c 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d |and smal|l inform| |000055e0| 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 70 72 | 6f 76 69 64 65 72 73 20 |ation pr|oviders | |000055f0| 77 69 6c 6c 20 70 72 6f | 62 61 62 6c 79 20 63 6f |will pro|bably co| |00005600| 65 78 69 73 74 20 61 73 | 20 74 68 65 79 20 64 6f |exist as| they do| |00005610| 20 0d 69 6e 20 62 6f 6f | 6b 20 70 75 62 6c 69 73 | .in boo|k publis| |00005620| 68 69 6e 67 2c 20 77 68 | 65 72 65 20 74 68 65 20 |hing, wh|ere the | |00005630| 70 6c 61 79 65 72 73 20 | 72 61 6e 67 65 20 66 72 |players |range fr| |00005640| 6f 6d 20 6d 75 6c 74 69 | 2d 62 69 6c 6c 69 6f 6e |om multi|-billion| |00005650| 2d 64 6f 6c 6c 61 72 20 | 69 6e 74 65 72 6e 61 74 |-dollar |internat| |00005660| 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 63 6f | 6e 67 6c 6f 6d 65 72 61 |ional co|nglomera| |00005670| 74 65 73 20 74 6f 20 0d | 66 69 72 6d 73 20 77 68 |tes to .|firms wh| |00005680| 6f 73 65 20 68 65 61 64 | 20 6f 66 66 69 63 65 20 |ose head| office | |00005690| 69 73 20 61 20 6b 69 74 | 63 68 65 6e 20 74 61 62 |is a kit|chen tab| |000056a0| 6c 65 2e 20 4c 61 72 67 | 65 20 61 6e 64 20 73 6d |le. Larg|e and sm| |000056b0| 61 6c 6c 20 70 75 62 6c | 69 73 68 65 72 73 20 63 |all publ|ishers c| |000056c0| 61 6e 20 63 6f 65 78 69 | 73 74 20 62 65 63 61 75 |an coexi|st becau| |000056d0| 73 65 20 65 76 65 72 79 | 6f 6e 65 20 68 61 73 20 |se every|one has | |000056e0| 0d 61 63 63 65 73 73 20 | 74 6f 20 70 72 6f 64 75 |.access |to produ| |000056f0| 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e | 64 20 64 69 73 74 72 69 |ction an|d distri| |00005700| 62 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 66 | 61 63 69 6c 69 74 69 65 |bution f|acilitie| |00005710| 73 2d 2d 70 72 69 6e 74 | 69 6e 67 20 70 72 65 73 |s--print|ing pres| |00005720| 73 65 73 2c 20 74 79 70 | 6f 67 72 61 70 68 79 2c |ses, typ|ography,| |00005730| 20 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 | 20 55 2e 53 2e 20 6d 61 | and the| U.S. ma| |00005740| 69 6c 73 20 61 6e 64 20 | 0d 64 65 6c 69 76 65 72 |ils and |.deliver| |00005750| 79 20 73 65 72 76 69 63 | 65 73 2d 2d 6f 6e 20 61 |y servic|es--on a| |00005760| 20 6e 6f 6e 2d 64 69 73 | 63 72 69 6d 69 6e 61 74 | non-dis|criminat| |00005770| 6f 72 79 20 62 61 73 69 | 73 2e 20 20 49 6e 20 66 |ory basi|s. In f| |00005780| 61 63 74 2c 20 74 68 65 | 20 73 75 62 2d 63 6f 6d |act, the| sub-com| |00005790| 6d 65 72 63 69 61 6c 20 | 70 72 69 6e 74 20 70 75 |mercial |print pu| |000057a0| 62 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f | 6e 73 20 61 72 65 20 61 |blicatio|ns are a| |000057b0| 6e 20 0d 65 63 6f 6c 6f | 67 69 63 61 6c 20 62 72 |n .ecolo|gical br| |000057c0| 65 65 64 69 6e 67 20 67 | 72 6f 75 6e 64 2c 20 74 |eeding g|round, t| |000057d0| 68 72 6f 75 67 68 20 77 | 68 69 63 68 20 6d 61 69 |hrough w|hich mai| |000057e0| 6e 73 74 72 65 61 6d 20 | 61 75 74 68 6f 72 73 20 |nstream |authors | |000057f0| 61 6e 64 20 65 64 69 74 | 6f 72 73 20 72 69 73 65 |and edit|ors rise| |00005800| 2e 20 4e 6f 20 6f 6e 65 | 20 63 61 6e 20 67 75 61 |. No one| can gua| |00005810| 72 61 6e 74 65 65 20 0d | 77 68 65 6e 20 61 6e 20 |rantee .|when an | |00005820| 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 61 73 20 75 |applicat|ion as u| |00005830| 73 65 66 75 6c 20 61 73 | 20 74 68 65 20 73 70 72 |seful as| the spr| |00005840| 65 61 64 73 68 65 65 74 | 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 65 6d |eadsheet| will em| |00005850| 65 72 67 65 20 66 6f 72 | 20 74 68 65 20 4e 50 4e |erge for| the NPN| |00005860| 20 28 61 73 20 69 74 20 | 64 69 64 20 66 6f 72 20 | (as it |did for | |00005870| 70 65 72 73 6f 6e 61 6c | 20 0d 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 |personal| .comput| |00005880| 65 72 73 29 2c 20 62 75 | 74 20 6f 70 65 6e 20 61 |ers), bu|t open a| |00005890| 72 63 68 69 74 65 63 74 | 75 72 65 20 69 73 20 74 |rchitect|ure is t| |000058a0| 68 65 20 62 65 73 74 20 | 77 61 79 20 66 6f 72 20 |he best |way for | |000058b0| 69 74 20 74 6f 20 68 61 | 70 70 65 6e 20 61 6e 64 |it to ha|ppen and| |000058c0| 20 6c 65 74 20 69 74 20 | 73 70 72 65 61 64 20 77 | let it |spread w| |000058d0| 68 65 6e 20 69 74 20 64 | 6f 65 73 2e 20 0d 0d 09 |hen it d|oes. ...| |000058e0| 54 68 65 20 50 43 20 72 | 65 76 6f 6c 75 74 69 6f |The PC r|evolutio| |000058f0| 6e 20 77 61 73 20 62 72 | 6f 75 67 68 74 20 61 62 |n was br|ought ab| |00005900| 6f 75 74 20 77 69 74 68 | 6f 75 74 20 64 69 72 65 |out with|out dire| |00005910| 63 74 20 70 75 62 6c 69 | 63 20 73 75 70 70 6f 72 |ct publi|c suppor| |00005920| 74 2e 20 20 45 6e 74 72 | 65 70 72 65 6e 65 75 72 |t. Entr|epreneur| |00005930| 73 20 72 69 73 6b 65 64 | 20 74 68 65 69 72 20 0d |s risked| their .| |00005940| 69 6e 76 65 73 74 6f 72 | 73 27 20 63 61 70 69 74 |investor|s' capit| |00005950| 61 6c 20 66 6f 72 20 74 | 68 65 20 73 61 6b 65 20 |al for t|he sake | |00005960| 6f 66 20 6f 70 70 6f 72 | 74 75 6e 69 74 79 2e 20 |of oppor|tunity. | |00005970| 20 53 6f 6d 65 20 73 75 | 63 63 65 65 64 65 64 2c | Some su|cceeded,| |00005980| 20 62 75 74 20 6d 61 6e | 79 20 6f 74 68 65 72 73 | but man|y others| |00005990| 20 6c 6f 73 74 20 74 68 | 65 69 72 20 65 6e 74 69 | lost th|eir enti| |000059a0| 72 65 20 0d 69 6e 76 65 | 73 74 6d 65 6e 74 2e 20 |re .inve|stment. | |000059b0| 20 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 | 20 74 68 65 20 77 61 79 | This is| the way| |000059c0| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | 6d 61 72 6b 65 74 70 6c | of the |marketpl| |000059d0| 61 63 65 2e 20 20 57 65 | 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 |ace. We| should | |000059e0| 74 61 6b 65 20 61 20 6d | 75 63 68 20 6d 6f 72 65 |take a m|uch more| |000059f0| 20 63 61 75 74 69 6f 75 | 73 20 61 74 74 69 74 75 | cautiou|s attitu| |00005a00| 64 65 20 61 62 6f 75 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 0d 63 6f |de about| the .co| |00005a10| 6d 6d 69 74 6d 65 6e 74 | 20 6f 66 20 70 75 62 6c |mmitment| of publ| |00005a20| 69 63 20 6d 6f 6e 69 65 | 73 2e 20 20 49 6e 20 74 |ic monie|s. In t| |00005a30| 68 65 20 61 62 73 65 6e | 63 65 20 6f 66 20 70 72 |he absen|ce of pr| |00005a40| 6f 76 65 6e 20 64 65 6d | 61 6e 64 20 66 6f 72 20 |oven dem|and for | |00005a50| 6e 65 77 20 61 70 70 6c | 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 |new appl|ications| |00005a60| 2c 20 67 6f 76 65 72 6e | 6d 65 6e 74 20 0d 73 68 |, govern|ment .sh| |00005a70| 6f 75 6c 64 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 62 65 20 73 70 65 6e |ould not| be spen| |00005a80| 64 69 6e 67 20 62 69 6c | 6c 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 |ding bil|lions of| |00005a90| 20 64 6f 6c 6c 61 72 73 | 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | dollars| on the | |00005aa0| 63 72 65 61 74 69 6f 6e | 20 6f 66 20 62 72 6f 61 |creation| of broa| |00005ab0| 64 62 61 6e 64 20 6e 65 | 74 77 6f 72 6b 73 2e 20 |dband ne|tworks. | |00005ac0| 20 4e 65 69 74 68 65 72 | 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 | Neither| should | |00005ad0| 0d 74 65 6c 65 70 68 6f | 6e 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 |.telepho|ne compa| |00005ae0| 6e 69 65 73 20 62 65 20 | 61 6c 6c 6f 77 65 64 20 |nies be |allowed | |00005af0| 74 6f 20 70 61 73 73 20 | 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 63 |to pass |on the c| |00005b00| 6f 73 74 73 20 6f 66 20 | 74 68 65 20 4e 50 4e 20 |osts of |the NPN | |00005b10| 69 6e 20 61 20 77 61 79 | 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 77 |in a way| which w| |00005b20| 6f 75 6c 64 20 72 61 69 | 73 65 20 74 68 65 20 72 |ould rai|se the r| |00005b30| 61 74 65 73 20 66 6f 72 | 20 0d 6f 72 64 69 6e 61 |ates for| .ordina| |00005b40| 72 79 20 76 6f 69 63 65 | 20 74 65 6c 65 70 68 6f |ry voice| telepho| |00005b50| 6e 65 20 73 65 72 76 69 | 63 65 2e 0d 0d 09 49 6e |ne servi|ce....In| |00005b60| 73 74 65 61 64 2c 20 77 | 65 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 |stead, w|e should| |00005b70| 20 70 6f 73 69 74 69 6f | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 4e 52 | positio|n the NR| |00005b80| 45 4e 20 74 6f 20 73 68 | 6f 77 20 74 68 65 72 65 |EN to sh|ow there| |00005b90| 20 69 73 20 61 20 6d 61 | 72 6b 65 74 20 66 6f 72 | is a ma|rket for| |00005ba0| 20 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 6b | 20 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 | network| applica| |00005bb0| 74 69 6f 6e 73 2e 20 20 | 54 68 65 20 0d 63 6f 6d |tions. |The .com| |00005bc0| 6d 65 72 63 69 61 6c 20 | 65 78 70 65 72 69 6d 65 |mercial |experime| |00005bd0| 6e 74 73 20 6a 75 73 74 | 20 62 65 67 69 6e 6e 69 |nts just| beginni| |00005be0| 6e 67 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 49 6e 74 65 72 6e |ng on th|e Intern| |00005bf0| 65 74 20 70 72 6f 76 69 | 64 65 20 6f 6e 65 20 73 |et provi|de one s| |00005c00| 6f 75 72 63 65 20 6f 66 | 20 69 6e 6e 6f 76 61 74 |ource of| innovat| |00005c10| 69 6f 6e 2e 20 20 44 65 | 70 6c 6f 79 6d 65 6e 74 |ion. De|ployment| |00005c20| 20 6f 66 20 0d 61 20 6e | 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 | of .a n|ational | |00005c30| 49 53 44 4e 20 70 6c 61 | 74 66 6f 72 6d 20 69 6e |ISDN pla|tform in| |00005c40| 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 78 | 74 20 66 65 77 20 79 65 | the nex|t few ye| |00005c50| 61 72 73 20 72 65 70 72 | 65 73 65 6e 74 73 20 61 |ars repr|esents a| |00005c60| 6e 6f 74 68 65 72 20 72 | 65 6c 61 74 69 76 65 6c |nother r|elativel| |00005c70| 79 20 69 6e 65 78 70 65 | 6e 73 69 76 65 20 73 65 |y inexpe|nsive se| |00005c80| 65 64 20 62 65 64 2e 20 | 20 41 73 20 0d 73 75 63 |ed bed. | As .suc| |00005c90| 68 20 65 78 70 65 72 69 | 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 64 65 |h experi|ments de| |00005ca0| 6d 6f 6e 73 74 72 61 74 | 65 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 6f |monstrat|e more o| |00005cb0| 66 20 61 20 70 72 6f 76 | 65 6e 20 64 65 6d 61 6e |f a prov|en deman| |00005cc0| 64 20 66 6f 72 20 70 75 | 62 6c 69 63 20 6e 65 74 |d for pu|blic net| |00005cd0| 77 6f 72 6b 20 73 65 72 | 76 69 63 65 73 2c 20 69 |work ser|vices, i| |00005ce0| 74 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 | 20 62 65 20 0d 70 6f 73 |t should| be .pos| |00005cf0| 73 69 62 6c 65 20 66 6f | 72 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 |sible fo|r the pr| |00005d00| 69 76 61 74 65 20 73 65 | 63 74 6f 72 20 74 6f 20 |ivate se|ctor to | |00005d10| 6d 61 6b 65 20 74 68 65 | 20 69 6e 76 65 73 74 6d |make the| investm| |00005d20| 65 6e 74 73 20 74 6f 20 | 62 75 69 6c 64 20 74 68 |ents to |build th| |00005d30| 65 20 62 72 6f 61 64 62 | 61 6e 64 20 4e 50 4e 20 |e broadb|and NPN | |00005d40| 75 73 69 6e 67 20 65 78 | 70 65 72 69 65 6e 63 65 |using ex|perience| |00005d50| 20 0d 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 | 68 65 20 4e 52 45 4e 2e | .from t|he NREN.| |00005d60| 0d 0d 09 41 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 73 61 6d 65 20 74 |...At th|e same t| |00005d70| 69 6d 65 20 61 73 20 74 | 68 65 20 4e 52 45 4e 20 |ime as t|he NREN | |00005d80| 69 73 20 62 65 69 6e 67 | 20 64 65 62 61 74 65 64 |is being| debated| |00005d90| 20 61 6e 64 20 64 65 76 | 65 6c 6f 70 65 64 2c 20 | and dev|eloped, | |00005da0| 74 65 6c 65 70 68 6f 6e | 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 6e |telephon|e compan| |00005db0| 69 65 73 20 63 6f 6e 74 | 69 6e 75 65 20 74 6f 20 |ies cont|inue to | |00005dc0| 0d 70 75 73 68 20 61 74 | 20 74 68 65 20 6c 69 6d |.push at| the lim| |00005dd0| 69 74 73 20 69 6d 70 6f | 73 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 74 |its impo|sed on t| |00005de0| 68 65 6d 20 62 79 20 74 | 68 65 20 22 4d 6f 64 69 |hem by t|he "Modi| |00005df0| 66 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e | 20 6f 66 20 46 69 6e 61 |fication| of Fina| |00005e00| 6c 20 4a 75 64 67 6d 65 | 6e 74 22 20 28 4d 46 4a |l Judgme|nt" (MFJ| |00005e10| 29 20 6f 66 20 64 69 76 | 65 73 74 69 74 75 72 65 |) of div|estiture| |00005e20| 2c 20 74 68 65 20 31 39 | 38 32 20 0d 61 6e 74 69 |, the 19|82 .anti| |00005e30| 2d 74 72 75 73 74 20 61 | 67 72 65 65 6d 65 6e 74 |-trust a|greement| |00005e40| 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 73 | 70 6c 69 74 20 75 70 20 | which s|plit up | |00005e50| 74 68 65 20 42 65 6c 6c | 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d 2e |the Bell| system.| |00005e60| 31 33 20 20 55 6e 64 65 | 72 20 70 72 65 73 73 75 |13 Unde|r pressu| |00005e70| 72 65 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 | 74 68 65 20 44 2e 43 2e |re from |the D.C.| |00005e80| 20 43 6f 75 72 74 20 6f | 66 20 41 70 70 65 61 6c | Court o|f Appeal| |00005e90| 73 2c 20 0d 4a 75 64 67 | 65 20 47 72 65 65 6e 65 |s, .Judg|e Greene| |00005ea0| 20 72 65 63 65 6e 74 6c | 79 20 6c 69 66 74 65 64 | recentl|y lifted| |00005eb0| 20 74 68 65 20 69 6e 66 | 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e | the inf|ormation| |00005ec0| 20 73 65 72 76 69 63 65 | 73 20 72 65 73 74 72 69 | service|s restri| |00005ed0| 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 42 4f |ctions o|n the BO| |00005ee0| 43 73 20 2d 2d 64 65 73 | 70 69 74 65 20 74 68 65 |Cs --des|pite the| |00005ef0| 20 63 6f 6d 70 65 74 69 | 74 69 76 65 20 0d 74 65 | competi|tive .te| |00005f00| 6e 73 69 6f 6e 20 62 65 | 74 77 65 65 6e 20 74 68 |nsion be|tween th| |00005f10| 65 20 74 65 6c 65 70 68 | 6f 6e 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 |e teleph|one comp| |00005f20| 61 6e 69 65 73 2c 20 63 | 61 62 6c 65 20 54 56 20 |anies, c|able TV | |00005f30| 63 61 72 72 69 65 72 73 | 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 6e 65 |carriers|, and ne| |00005f40| 77 73 70 61 70 65 72 73 | 2e 20 20 54 68 75 73 2c |wspapers|. Thus,| |00005f50| 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 6e 65 78 74 20 79 65 61 | in the |next yea| |00005f60| 72 20 6f 72 20 0d 73 6f | 2c 20 43 6f 6e 67 72 65 |r or .so|, Congre| |00005f70| 73 73 20 6d 61 79 20 77 | 65 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 66 |ss may w|ell be f| |00005f80| 6f 72 63 65 64 20 74 6f | 20 64 65 66 69 6e 65 20 |orced to| define | |00005f90| 61 20 6e 65 77 20 73 65 | 74 20 6f 66 20 72 75 6c |a new se|t of rul| |00005fa0| 65 73 20 66 6f 72 20 72 | 65 67 75 6c 61 74 65 64 |es for r|egulated| |00005fb0| 20 74 65 6c 65 63 6f 6d | 6d 75 6e 69 63 61 74 69 | telecom|municati| |00005fc0| 6f 6e 73 2e 31 34 20 20 | 4c 69 6b 65 20 74 68 65 |ons.14 |Like the| |00005fd0| 20 0d 41 54 26 54 20 64 | 69 76 65 73 74 69 74 75 | .AT&T d|ivestitu| |00005fe0| 72 65 20 64 65 63 69 73 | 69 6f 6e 2c 20 74 68 69 |re decis|ion, thi| |00005ff0| 73 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 | 72 65 70 72 65 73 65 6e |s would |represen| |00006000| 74 20 61 20 66 75 6e 64 | 61 6d 65 6e 74 61 6c 20 |t a fund|amental | |00006010| 73 68 69 66 74 20 69 6e | 20 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 |shift in| nationa| |00006020| 6c 20 70 6f 6c 69 63 79 | 20 77 69 74 68 20 65 6e |l policy| with en| |00006030| 6f 72 6d 6f 75 73 20 0d | 61 6e 64 20 75 6e 70 72 |ormous .|and unpr| |00006040| 65 64 69 63 74 61 62 6c | 65 20 63 6f 6e 73 65 71 |edictabl|e conseq| |00006050| 75 65 6e 63 65 73 2e 0d | 0d 09 4d 61 6e 79 20 63 |uences..|..Many c| |00006060| 6f 6e 73 75 6d 65 72 20 | 61 6e 64 20 69 6e 64 75 |onsumer |and indu| |00006070| 73 74 72 79 20 67 72 6f | 75 70 73 20 61 72 65 20 |stry gro|ups are | |00006080| 63 6f 6e 63 65 72 6e 65 | 64 20 74 68 61 74 20 61 |concerne|d that a| |00006090| 73 20 74 68 65 20 4d 46 | 4a 20 72 65 73 74 72 69 |s the MF|J restri| |000060a0| 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 61 | 72 65 20 6c 69 66 74 65 |ctions a|re lifte| |000060b0| 64 2c 20 74 68 65 20 0d | 52 42 4f 43 73 20 77 69 |d, the .|RBOCs wi| |000060c0| 6c 6c 20 63 6f 6d 65 20 | 74 6f 20 64 6f 6d 69 6e |ll come |to domin| |000060d0| 61 74 65 20 74 68 65 20 | 64 65 73 69 67 6e 20 6f |ate the |design o| |000060e0| 66 20 74 68 65 20 65 6d | 65 72 67 69 6e 67 20 4e |f the em|erging N| |000060f0| 61 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 | 50 75 62 6c 69 63 20 4e |ational |Public N| |00006100| 65 74 77 6f 72 6b 2c 20 | 73 68 61 70 69 6e 67 20 |etwork, |shaping | |00006110| 69 74 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 | 74 6f 20 0d 61 63 63 6f |it more |to .acco| |00006120| 6d 6d 6f 64 61 74 65 20 | 74 68 65 69 72 20 62 75 |mmodate |their bu| |00006130| 73 69 6e 65 73 73 20 67 | 6f 61 6c 73 20 74 68 61 |siness g|oals tha| |00006140| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 70 75 | 62 6c 69 63 20 69 6e 74 |n the pu|blic int| |00006150| 65 72 65 73 74 2e 20 20 | 54 68 65 20 43 6f 6d 6d |erest. |The Comm| |00006160| 75 6e 69 63 61 74 69 6f | 6e 73 20 50 6f 6c 69 63 |unicatio|ns Polic| |00006170| 79 20 46 6f 72 75 6d 2c | 20 61 20 0d 63 6f 61 6c |y Forum,| a .coal| |00006180| 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 | 20 70 75 62 6c 69 63 20 |ition of| public | |00006190| 69 6e 74 65 72 65 73 74 | 20 61 6e 64 20 69 6e 64 |interest| and ind| |000061a0| 75 73 74 72 79 20 67 72 | 6f 75 70 73 2c 20 68 61 |ustry gr|oups, ha| |000061b0| 73 20 72 65 63 65 6e 74 | 6c 79 20 62 65 67 75 6e |s recent|ly begun| |000061c0| 20 74 6f 20 63 6f 6e 73 | 69 64 65 72 20 77 68 61 | to cons|ider wha| |000061d0| 74 20 6b 69 6e 64 73 20 | 6f 66 20 73 61 66 65 67 |t kinds |of safeg| |000061e0| 75 61 72 64 73 20 0d 77 | 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 6e |uards .w|ill be n| |000061f0| 65 65 64 65 64 20 74 6f | 20 6d 61 69 6e 74 61 69 |eeded to| maintai| |00006200| 6e 20 61 20 63 6f 6d 70 | 65 74 69 74 69 76 65 20 |n a comp|etitive | |00006210| 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 73 65 72 76 |informat|ion serv| |00006220| 69 63 65 73 20 6d 61 72 | 6b 65 74 20 74 68 61 74 |ices mar|ket that| |00006230| 20 61 6c 6c 6f 77 73 20 | 52 42 4f 43 20 70 61 72 | allows |RBOC par| |00006240| 74 69 63 69 70 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 2e 20 20 0d 54 68 |ticipati|on. .Th| |00006250| 65 20 72 6f 6c 65 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 |e role t|hat the | |00006260| 52 42 4f 43 73 20 63 6f | 6d 65 20 74 6f 20 70 6c |RBOCs co|me to pl| |00006270| 61 79 20 69 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e |ay in th|e nation| |00006280| d5 73 20 74 65 6c 65 63 | 6f 6d 6d 75 6e 69 63 61 |.s telec|ommunica| |00006290| 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 69 6e | 66 72 61 73 74 72 75 63 |tions in|frastruc| |000062a0| 74 75 72 65 20 69 73 2c | 20 6f 66 20 63 6f 75 72 |ture is,| of cour| |000062b0| 73 65 2c 20 61 6e 20 0d | 69 73 73 75 65 20 74 68 |se, an .|issue th| |000062c0| 61 74 20 6d 75 73 74 20 | 62 65 20 63 61 72 65 66 |at must |be caref| |000062d0| 75 6c 6c 79 20 63 6f 6e | 73 69 64 65 72 65 64 20 |ully con|sidered | |000062e0| 6f 6e 20 69 74 73 20 6f | 77 6e 2e 20 20 42 75 74 |on its o|wn. But| |000062f0| 20 69 6e 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 63 6f 6e 74 65 78 74 | in this| context| |00006300| 2c 20 74 68 65 20 4e 52 | 45 4e 20 72 65 70 72 65 |, the NR|EN repre| |00006310| 73 65 6e 74 73 20 61 20 | 63 72 69 74 69 63 61 6c |sents a |critical| |00006320| 20 0d 6f 70 70 6f 72 74 | 75 6e 69 74 79 20 74 6f | .opport|unity to| |00006330| 20 63 72 65 61 74 65 20 | 61 20 6d 6f 64 65 6c 20 | create |a model | |00006340| 66 6f 72 20 77 68 61 74 | 20 61 20 70 75 62 6c 69 |for what| a publi| |00006350| 63 20 6e 65 74 77 6f 72 | 6b 20 68 61 73 20 74 6f |c networ|k has to| |00006360| 20 6f 66 66 65 72 2c 20 | 66 72 65 65 20 66 72 6f | offer, |free fro| |00006370| 6d 20 63 6f 6d 6d 65 72 | 63 69 61 6c 20 70 72 65 |m commer|cial pre| |00006380| 73 73 75 72 65 73 2e 0d | 0d 09 57 69 74 68 20 61 |ssures..|..With a| |00006390| 6c 6c 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 75 6e 63 65 72 74 |ll of th|e uncert| |000063a0| 61 69 6e 74 79 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 73 75 72 72 6f |ainty th|at surro| |000063b0| 75 6e 64 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 52 42 4f 43 73 d5 20 |unds the| RBOCs. | |000063c0| 65 6e 74 72 79 20 69 6e | 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 69 |entry in|to the i| |000063d0| 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 73 65 72 76 69 |nformati|on servi| |000063e0| 63 65 73 20 6d 61 72 6b | 65 74 2c 20 0d 77 65 20 |ces mark|et, .we | |000063f0| 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 75 | 73 65 20 74 68 65 20 4e |should u|se the N| +--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+ Only 25.0 KB of data is shown above.